硝态氮氨化菌群富集及其与部分反硝化协同的机制研究

Nitrite accumulation technology is the bottleneck to the popularization and application of Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) technology for its unstable supplement of NO2- in domestic waste water treatment. Therefore, the development of novel NO2- supply technology and process are of great significance. Based on the newly found phenomenon, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA), this research selected three candidate systems (heterotrophic denitrification, Anammox, and autotrophic denitrification) to acclimate DNRA dominated process. The environmental factors influencing DNRA and Partial-DNRA coupled with Partial-DEN systems were systematically studied, and the cooperative mechanism for DNRA and DEN microorganism was uncovered by using isotopic tracer method and molecular biological technology. The dynamic correlation of environmental parameter, nitrogen transformation pathway, and microorganism succession process were helped to illustrate the competition-cooperation mechanism in systems. The innovation of this research are: 1) In the first time to propose Partial-DNRA as a way to accumulate nitrite for anammox in domestic waste water treatment. 2) Evaluating factors influencing DNRA with DEN and illustrating cooperative mechanism in system. 3) Building a pragmatic control strategy for Partial-DNRA coupled with Partial-DEN process which can ensure Anammox performed smoothly.

亚硝酸盐稳定供给是厌氧氨氧化技术(Anammox)在城市污水处理中推广应用的瓶颈，对新型亚硝酸盐供给技术的研究具有重要意义。本研究基于新近在污水处理领域发现的硝态氮氨化（DNRA）现象，从异养反硝化、Anammox、自养反硝化三种系统中进行DNRA过程驯化与富集，研究影响DNRA过程及Partial-DNRA和部分反硝化（Partial-DEN）过程协同的因素。采用同位素示踪及分子生物学手段，分析氮素在体系中的转移路径及微生物代谢机制，建立DNRA过程与环境参数的动态响应体系，从而提出Partial-DNRA与Partial-DEN过程协同的控制策略。研究创新点：1）首次提出经Partial-DNRA累积亚硝酸盐为Anammox提供底物的方法；2）开展DNRA与DEN过程协同竞争的环境条件与功能菌代谢机制研究；3）建立Partial-DNRA和Partial-DEN过程协同的控制策略。