Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Impact of Jury Diversity on Deliberation Quality

博士论文研究：陪审团多元化对审议质量的影响

• 批准号: 1323677
• 负责人: Margaret Bull Kovera
• 金额: $ 1.93万
• 依托单位: CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1323677&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Impact; Jury

Juries with two minority group members have higher quality deliberations than do all-White juries. Does jury diversity per se improve the quality of jury deliberations or is it merely the inclusion of jurors from underrepresented groups that improves deliberation quality? The proposed dissertation research consists of three studies manipulating jury diversity and evidence strength to examine whether diverse juries make better decisions than homogenous juries. In each study, mock jurors will watch a trial simulation video (which varies the strength of the evidence presented at trial), deliberate, and render verdicts, allowing the PIs to examine whether more diverse juries are better able to evaluate evidence strength. The three studies vary the method of manipulating jury diversity. In Study 1, the deliberations of mock juries comprised of all Hispanic jurors will be compared with the deliberations of juries with a majority of Hispanic members and two White members to examine whether the findings of previous research are dependent upon a privileged majority (Whites) creating the homogenous jury. In Study 2, the deliberations of all-White juries, all-Black juries, and mixed juries will be coded to evaluate the extent to which jury diversity influences whether juries engage in more complex reasoning. The third study will use a minimal groups paradigm to explore whether the impact of diversity on deliberation quality extends to diversity created through a characteristic other than race or ethnicity, specifically the distribution of wealth among jury members. The intellectual merit of this proposal stems from its investigation of the mechanism by which jury diversity improves jury deliberations. U.S. courts have repeatedly recognized the importance of the presence of minority jurors on juries. The proposed research will provide evidence regarding what types of diversity are necessary to achieve the courts? goal of improving justice.

与全白陪审团相比，有两个少数群体成员的陪审团具有更高的质量审议。陪审团的多样性本身是否可以提高陪审团审议的质量，还是仅仅包括陪审员从代表性不足的群体中包括提高审议质量的质量？拟议的论文研究包括三项研究，这些研究操纵陪审团的多样性和证据力量，以检查各种陪审团是否比同质陪审团做出更好的决策。在每项研究中，模拟陪审员将观看一个试验模拟视频（该视频（该视频）（该视频都会改变审判中提供的证据的强度），故意和做出判决，从而使PIS可以检查更多多样化的陪审团是否能够更好地评估证据力量。这三项研究改变了操纵陪审团多样性的方法。 在研究1中，将将由所有西班牙陪审员组成的模拟陪审团的审议与大多数西班牙裔成员和两名白人成员的陪审团的审议进行比较同质陪审团。 在研究2中，将对全白陪审团，全黑陪审团和混合陪审团的审议进行编码，以评估陪审团多样性影响陪审团是否参与更复杂的推理的程度。第三项研究将使用最小的群体范式来探讨多样性对审议质量的影响是否扩展到通过种族或种族以外的特征创造的多样性，特别是陪审团成员之间财富的分配。该提案的智力优点源于其对陪审团多样性改善陪审团审议的机制的调查。 美国法院一再认识到少数派陪审员在陪审团中的重要性。拟议的研究将提供有关实现法院必要的多样性类型的证据？改善正义的目标。