DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Do extended leaf phenology and allelopathy act synergistically to drive garlic mustard invasion?

论文研究：延长的叶子物候和化感作用是否协同作用来驱动蒜芥入侵？

• 批准号: 1310750
• 负责人: Heather Reynolds
• 金额: $ 1.42万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-15 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1310750&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Do; extended; leaf

Introduced, invasive species are known to have negative effects on our native ecosystems, but the mechanisms that drive invasions are not well understood. One introduced plant now abundant in Eastern deciduous forests, garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), is thought to release toxic chemicals that harm native plant species. Furthermore, garlic mustard has a longer growing season than most native forest plants, allowing it to take advantage of light during the fall, winter, and spring when natives are dormant. These mechanisms may reinforce one another if the extra light available to garlic mustard during its extended growing season is used to increase production of chemical toxins. This project will test this hypothesis by measuring the growth, chemical production, and impact of garlic mustard on native species in the presence and absence of extended light availability. Results will help to fill an important gap in our understanding of invasion biology by showing how interactions between mechanisms may increase the invasiveness of introduced species. Invasive plant species threaten native biodiversity throughout the United States, and impose significant economic costs (approximately $137 billion/year). For example, forest invaders such as garlic mustard may inhibit forest regeneration and cause long-term reductions in timber production, recreation, and other services that forests provide. Understanding the mechanisms that drive invasion will facilitate more effective mitigation and prevention, helping to reduce the environmental, economic, and social costs associated with plant invasions. This project will also promote the scientific and ecological literacy of undergraduate and high school students participating in the research, and of members of the public reached through a public lecture and a nature center exhibit on the threats of invasive species and the steps that can be taken to protect the biodiversity and ecosystem services provided by our native forests.

众所周知，引入的入侵物种会对我们的本地生态系统产生负面影响，但驱动入侵的机制尚不清楚。 大蒜芥末（Alliaria petiolata）是一种目前在东部落叶林中盛产的引进植物，人们认为它会释放有毒化学物质，损害本地植物物种。 此外，蒜芥的生长季节比大多数本地森林植物更长，使其能够在秋季、冬季和春季本地植物休眠时利用阳光。 如果大蒜芥菜在延长的生长季节中获得的额外光照被用来增加化学毒素的产生，那么这些机制可能会相互加强。该项目将通过测量在有或没有延长光照的情况下大蒜芥末的生长、化学产量以及对本地物种的影响来检验这一假设。通过显示机制之间的相互作用如何增加外来物种的入侵性，结果将有助于填补我们对入侵生物学理解的重要空白。入侵植物物种威胁着美国本土的生物多样性，并造成巨大的经济损失（每年约 1,370 亿美元）。例如，大蒜芥末等森林入侵者可能会抑制森林再生，并导致木材生产、娱乐和森林提供的其他服务的长期减少。 了解驱动入侵的机制将有助于更有效地缓解和预防，有助于降低与植物入侵相关的环境、经济和社会成本。 该项目还将提高参与研究的本科生和高中生的科学和生态素养，以及通过公开讲座和自然中心展览提高公众的科学和生态素养，以了解入侵物种的威胁和可以采取的步骤保护我们的原生森林提供的生物多样性和生态系统服务。