RUI: Investigate Thermal and Upconversion Noise for Advanced LIGO and Third Generation Detectors

RUI:研究先进 LIGO 和第三代探测器的热噪声和上转换噪声

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1307423
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2013-07-01 至 2016-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This research program explores two of the primary noise sources in Advanced LIGO and other gravitational wave interferometers: upconversion noise and coating thermal noise. Coating thermal noise can be reduced by understanding and minimizing the mechanical loss in the mirror materials. Traditional high reflectivity coatings are multilayers of dielectric material, usually amorphous metal-oxides, with alternating high and low index. The materials that comprise the high-index layers are the primary source of mechanical loss; the low-index material is fused silica, which has an anomalously low loss among amorphous dielectric materials. In this research program, the PI seeks to develop a stabilized, high index material with a coefficient of thermal expansion matched to the low index material, so that the loss of the composite coating can be reduced through high temperature annealing. In addition, crystalline coatings, such as Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs), have been shown to have a mechanical loss about a factor 10 lower than most amorphous dielectric coatings. The AlGaAs coating could be developed as mirror materials for the 1.5 micron lasers planned for third generation detectors. However, current samples have been limited to the centimeter scale. This research program will explore the source of mechanical loss in these crystalline coatings including any issues related to the scaling and application of the coatings for large optics. Finally, upconversion noise is the coupling of low frequency noise, primarily seismic noise, into the detection band of the interferometer. Upconversion noise can be difficult to characterize because the noise peak is located at the sum or difference of the frequencies of the coupled mechanisms. This research program will develop a data analysis tool that will use bicoherence, the higher order form of coherence, to determine the sources of the upconverted noise. Coating thermal noise is the leading noise source in the central frequency band of Advanced LIGO and is a primary limit to overall detector sensitivity. Reducing coating thermal noise leads to a direct increase in the detector sensitivity and a cubed increase in its expected event rate. Thus even a small reduction in the noise is important. A significant improvement in coating noise will hasten the day when LIGO will make a direct detection of gravitational waves and launch the era of gravitational wave astronomy. Beyond the study of gravitational waves, coating thermal noise has now become an important noise source in other areas of physics, including precision optics and in precision experiments that utilize microresonators. Finally, with the lower noise floor of Advanced LIGO, upconversion is expected to be a much more prominent noise source than in Initial LIGO. The commissioning teams will welcome a tool that can identify these noise peaks with their source. And since upconversion is a common noise problem within the precision physics community, the development of an effective tool could be useful well beyond the gravitational wave community.
该研究计划探讨了高级LIGO和其他引力波干涉仪中的两个主要噪声源:上转换噪声和涂料热噪声。 可以通过理解和最小化镜像中的机械损失来减少涂料热噪声。 传统的高反射率涂料是介电材料的多层,通常是无定形金属氧化物,具有交替的高指数。 构成高指数层的材料是机械损失的主要来源。低指数材料是融合的二氧化硅,在无定形介电材料中损失异常低。在该研究计划中,PI试图开发具有与低索引材料相匹配的热膨胀系数的稳定高指数材料,以便可以通过高温退火来减少复合涂层的损失。 此外,已经证明结晶涂层,例如砷化铝(藻类),其机械损失大约比大多数无定形介电涂层低约10。 藻类涂层可以作为计划用于第三代探测器的1.5微米激光器的镜子材料。 但是,当前样品已限于厘米量表。 该研究计划将探讨这些结晶涂层中机械损失的来源,包括与大型光学材料涂料的缩放和应用有关的任何问题。 最后,上转换噪声是低频噪声(主要是地震噪声)与干涉仪的检测带的耦合。 上转换噪声可能很难表征,因为噪声峰位于耦合机制的频率的总和或差异。 该研究计划将开发一个数据分析工具,该工具将使用双晶格(连贯性的高阶形式)来确定向上转换噪声的来源。 涂层热噪声是晚期ligo中心频带中的主要噪声源,是整体检测器灵敏度的主要限制。减少涂层热噪声会导致检测器灵敏度直接增加,并增加其预期事件速率。 因此,即使噪声的少量减少也很重要。涂层噪声的显着改善将加快Ligo将直接检测引力波并发射引力波天文学时代的那一天。 除了对引力波的研究外,涂料热噪声现在已成为其他物理领域的重要噪声源,包括精度光学和利用微孔子的精确实验。 最后,随着高级Ligo的较低噪声,上转换预计将是比初始Ligo更突出的噪声源。调试团队将欢迎可以通过其来源识别这些噪声峰的工具。 而且,由于上转换是精确物理界的常见噪声问题,因此有效工具的开发可能远远超出了引力浪潮社区。

项目成果

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Steven Penn其他文献

Steven Penn的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Steven Penn', 18)}}的其他基金

MRI: Track 1 Development of Large Optic Crystalline Coating Characterization Instrument (LOCCCI) for Gravitational Wave Detectors
MRI:用于引力波探测器的大型光学晶体涂层表征仪器 (LOCCCI) 的第一轨开发
  • 批准号:
    2320711
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Center for Coatings Research
合作研究:涂料研究中心
  • 批准号:
    2309292
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
RUI: Investigations of Mirror Thermal Noise for Gravitational Wave Detectors
RUI:引力波探测器镜面热噪声研究
  • 批准号:
    2208079
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: LSC Center for Coatings Research
合作研究:LSC 涂料研究中心
  • 批准号:
    2011688
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Investigations of Mirror Coatings for A+ and Third Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
RUI:第一代和第三代引力波探测器镜面涂层的研究
  • 批准号:
    1912699
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: LSC Center for Coatings Research
合作研究:LSC 涂料研究中心
  • 批准号:
    1707863
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Proposal to Investigate Coating and Substrate Thermal Noise for Advanced and Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
RUI:研究先进和下一代引力波探测器的涂层和基底热噪声的提案
  • 批准号:
    1611821
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
An RUI Proposal to Study Thermal Noise and Bilinear Noise in LIGO and Advanced LIGO
RUI 研究 LIGO 和高级 LIGO 中热噪声和双线性噪声的提案
  • 批准号:
    1002585
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
An RUI Proposal to Investigate Thermal Noise and Higher-Order Statistical Noise in Initial and Advanced LIGO
RUI 研究初始和高级 LIGO 中的热噪声和高阶统计噪声的提案
  • 批准号:
    0653590
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
An RUI Research Proposal on Minimizing Thermal Noise in Advanced LIGO Test Mass Optics and Exploring Bilinear Noise in Initial LIGO Data
RUI 关于最小化先进 LIGO 测试质量光学器件中的热噪声和探索初始 LIGO 数据中的双线性噪声的研究提案
  • 批准号:
    0355118
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 17.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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RUI: Proposal to Investigate Coating and Substrate Thermal Noise for Advanced and Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
RUI:研究先进和下一代引力波探测器的涂层和基底热噪声的提案
  • 批准号:
    1611821
  • 财政年份:
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  • 资助金额:
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An RUI Proposal to Investigate Thermal Noise and Higher-Order Statistical Noise in Initial and Advanced LIGO
RUI 研究初始和高级 LIGO 中的热噪声和高阶统计噪声的提案
  • 批准号:
    0653590
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
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