Doctoral Dissertation Research: Quantifying the Geomorphic Importance of Pre-Existing Fractures to Rates of Landscape Evolution

博士论文研究：量化现有裂缝的地貌对景观演化速率的重要性

基本信息

批准号：
1303194
负责人：
Basil Tikoff
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
University of Wisconsin-Madison
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-05-01 至 2016-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1303194&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Quantifying Geomorphic

项目摘要

This doctoral dissertation research project will examine to what extent tectonic fractures modify the rates and styles of landscape evolution. These fractures are typically associated with the movement of tectonic plates, the faulting of rocks, and/or the eruption of volcanoes. Scientists have known since 1875 that these fractures influence how valleys deepen and widen over time, but what remains uncertain is how important the fractures are. What, for example, is the effect of a doubling in the bedrock fracture concentration on valley evolution? The doctoral student will examine two valleys, the Tuolumne Meadows of Yosemite National Park and the Mono Recesses of the Sierra National Forest. These valleys are similar in most respects, such as rock type, climate, and glacial history, but they are fundamentally different in their fracture concentration and style. The doctoral student will quantify the importance of tectonic fractures to landscape evolution in order to assess the effects of fracture concentration, orientation, and distribution for both of these distinct fracture styles.This research project will contribute to enhanced understanding of how the surface of the Earth changes with time, and it will help refine numerical models to more realistically represent that evolution. The project will provide education and training opportunities for five undergraduate students who are working with the doctoral student. Information about the project and its results will be presented through public outreach in Yosemite National Park and the John Muir Wilderness. The project should yield practical benefits by assisting those engaged in modeling the evolution of specific landscapes over long periods of time, with special implications for geological engineering and hydrogeology. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

该博士学位论文研究项目将检查构造骨折在多大程度上改变了景观演变的速度和样式。这些断裂通常与构造板的运动，岩石的断层和/或火山喷发有关。科学家自1875年以来就知道这些裂缝会影响山谷的加深和扩大，但仍然不确定裂缝的重要性。例如，在基岩裂缝浓度中加倍对山谷进化的影响是什么？博士生将检查两个山谷，即优胜美地国家公园的Tuolumne Meadows和Sierra National Forest的单声道凹。这些山谷在大多数方面都是相似的，例如岩石类型，气候和冰川历史，但裂缝的浓度和风格在根本上是不同的。博士生将量化构造骨折对景观演变的重要性，以评估这两种独特的断裂样式的断裂浓度，取向和分布的影响。这项研究项目将有助于加强对地球表面随时间变化的理解，并有助于改善数字模型以更现实地代表该进化。该项目将为与博士生一起工作的五名本科生提供教育和培训机会。有关该项目及其结果的信息将通过优胜美地国家公园和约翰·缪尔荒野的公共宣传来介绍。该项目应通过协助从长时间内建模特定景观的人们来产生实际利益，并对地质工程和水文地质学产生特殊影响。作为博士学位论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生能够建立强大的独立研究职业。