EAR-PF: Dynamic Rupture Modeling on Major San Andreas Fault Intersections

EAR-PF：主要圣安地列斯断层交叉点的动态破裂建模

• 批准号: 1250143
• 负责人: Julian Lozos
• 金额: $ 8.5万
• 依托单位: Lozos, Julian C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1250143&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Dynamic; Rupture; Modeling

Dr. Julian C. Lozos has been granted a NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out a research and outreach plan at Stanford University and the USGS Menlo Park campus. This project aims to improve our understanding of the physical processes that determine how seismic rupture negotiates a junction between major faults, and by extension, our understanding of fault segmentation. Dr. Lozos will conduct dynamic rupture models to produce a suite of scenario earthquakes for the junctions between the San Andreas Fault and three other faults: the San Jacinto Fault, the Garlock Fault, and the Calaveras Fault respectively. Each of these junctions represents different types of geometrical, geological, and stress complexity, and each poses a significant seismic hazard to its surrounding area. Thus, the focus on the San Andreas system will improve understanding of general fault physics, as well as of seismic hazard in California. Previous studies have focused on these faults individually, or on generalizations and simplifications of the types of geometries represented by these junctions. This study will consist of more realistic and detailed modeling of the study areas, by incorporating many types of complexity into the model inputs. Complex fault geometry, velocity structure, and initial stresses will be informed by fault geology and seismicity literature, as well as by static stress modeling. Once the scenario modeling is completed, Dr. Lozos will compare the results to paleoseismic and historical data, both to constrain the modeling results against known past fault behavior, and to provide insight into the sizes and extents of earthquakes at these fault junctions in the past. Many people live in the vicinity of the study areas, and thus, this project includes an education and outreach program focused on informing the public of the basic science of earthquakes, the related hazard, and on how to prepare for them. Dr. Lozos will give a series of public talks in communities near his study areas. Through Stanford, he will help lead field trips for K-12 students to local fault zones, and through the USGS, he will participate in additional public outreach events. In addition to public outreach, Dr. Lozos will also assist in developing a graduate-level course on fault physics at Stanford, which will help prepare him for a future career in academia.

朱利安·C·洛索斯 (Julian C. Lozos) 博士已获得美国国家科学基金会 (NSF) 地球科学博士后奖学金，以在斯坦福大学和美国地质调查局门洛帕克校区开展研究和推广计划。该项目旨在提高我们对决定地震破裂如何协商主要断层之间连接的物理过程的理解，并通过扩展，提高我们对断层分段的理解。洛索斯博士将建立动态破裂模型，为圣安德烈亚斯断层和其他三个断层（分别为圣哈辛托断层、加洛克断层和卡拉维拉斯断层）之间的交界处产生一系列地震情景。每个交汇点都代表不同类型的几何、地质和应力复杂性，并且每个交汇点都对其周围区域构成重大的地震危害。因此，对圣安德烈亚斯系统的关注将提高对一般断层物理学以及加利福尼亚州地震灾害的理解。以前的研究主要集中在这些断层上，或者集中在这些交汇点所代表的几何形状类型的概括和简化上。这项研究将通过将多种类型的复杂性纳入模型输入，对研究领域进行更真实、更详细的建模。复杂的断层几何形状、速度结构和初始应力将通过断层地质学和地震活动文献以及静态应力建模来了解。情景建模完成后，Lozos 博士将把结果与古地震和历史数据进行比较，既根据已知的过去断层行为约束建模结果，又深入了解过去这些断层交界处地震的规模和范围。 。 许多人居住在研究区域附近，因此，该项目包括一项教育和外展计划，重点是向公众宣传地震的基础科学、相关危害以及如何做好应对准备。洛索斯博士将在他的研究区域附近的社区发表一系列公开演讲。通过斯坦福大学，他将帮助带领 K-12 学生前往当地断层带进行实地考察，并通过美国地质调查局，他将参加其他公共外展活动。除了公共宣传之外，洛索斯博士还将协助在斯坦福大学开发断层物理学研究生课程，这将有助于他为未来的学术生涯做好准备。