Collaborative Research: Linking erosional and climatic processes in regions of active mountain building

合作研究：将活跃造山地区的侵蚀和气候过程联系起来

• 批准号: 1249788
• 负责人: Christopher Poulsen
• 金额: $ 20.4万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1249788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Linking; erosional; climatic

Topography in mountainous regions is a product of the erosion and export of material across the landscape. The frequency and magnitude of erosion events occurring in these regions is controlled by the local climate. The topography of the mountain ranges, in turn, influences the climate. This suggests a coupling between atmospheric and geomorphic processes in regions of active mountain building. Observational studies of climate-topography-erosion relationships, however, have been equivocal. One potential reason for this disparity in observational results is that the modern climate, for which most studies depend on, is a poor representation of the integrated climate history over landscape. Over the timescale of mountain building, climate can vary due to orbital variations, greenhouse gas concentrations, and the development of topography. This work will develop a coupled climate-landscape evolution model framework to quantitatively investigate interactions between climate, topography, and erosion on geologic timescales. The co-evolution of climate and landscapes will be modeled at different latitudes (e.g. tropical, sub-tropical, and mid-latitude) and for different orbital configurations in order to increase our understanding of the spatial and temporal variability inherent in the coupled climate and landscape systems. This work will complement previous and ongoing empirical studies exploring the interaction of climate and topography. Quantifying the interaction between the climate and topography is relevant to a number of societal issues including the rate of sediment input to reservoirs, the terrestrial carbon cycle, and the intensity of erosion processes in agricultural and uplands systems. The role of climate in controlling erosion rates also has broader geological implications due its potential influence on tectonic processes in regions of active mountain building. Moreover, fully understanding the Earth as a system, including surface and lithospheric components, requires a quantitative framework for linking climate, erosion, and tectonics. This research will contribute towards this goal. Additionally, the proposed project will develop a deployable middle-school curriculum and interactive museum display in collaboration with the University of Michigan Museum of Natural History.

山区的地形是整个景观侵蚀和物质输出的产物。 这些地区发生侵蚀事件的频率和程度受当地气候控制。 山脉的地形反过来又影响气候。 这表明活跃造山地区的大气和地貌过程之间存在耦合。 然而，对气候-地形-侵蚀关系的观测研究一直是模棱两可的。 观测结果出现这种差异的一个潜在原因是，大多数研究所依赖的现代气候并不能很好地反映景观的综合气候历史。 在造山过程中，气候会因轨道变化、温室气体浓度和地形发展而变化。 这项工作将开发一个气候-景观耦合演化模型框架，以定量研究地质时间尺度上气候、地形和侵蚀之间的相互作用。气候和景观的共同演化将在不同的纬度（例如热带、亚热带和中纬度）和不同的轨道配置上进行建模，以增加我们对耦合气候和景观所固有的时空变化的理解。景观系统。 这项工作将补充之前和正在进行的探索气候和地形相互作用的实证研究。量化气候和地形之间的相互作用与许多社会问题相关，包括沉积物输入水库的速度、陆地碳循环以及农业和高地系统侵蚀过程的强度。 气候在控制侵蚀率方面的作用也具有更广泛的地质意义，因为它对活跃造山地区的构造过程具有潜在影响。此外，充分理解地球作为一个系统，包括地表和岩石圈组成部分，需要一个将气候、侵蚀和构造联系起来的定量框架。 这项研究将有助于实现这一目标。 此外，拟议项目将与密歇根大学自然历史博物馆合作开发可部署的中学课程和互动博物馆展示。