IOS Proposal: RUI: Auxin dynamics during vascular development in the model woody plant Populus

IOS 提案：RUI：模型木本植物杨属维管发育过程中的生长素动态

• 批准号: 1257872
• 负责人: Rachel Spicer
• 金额: $ 39.51万
• 依托单位: Connecticut College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1257872&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IOS; Proposal; RUI; Auxin; dynamics

Woody plants provide critical sources of energy and building materials and play important roles in carbon sequestration, hydrologic cycles, and habitat assemblies. Despite the many services provided by woody plants, very little is known about how woody stems develop and how vascular connections are formed between the older woody portions of a stem and the younger, non-woody growth. The main objective of this project is to determine how movement of the plant hormone auxin controls vascular development in a woody plant using the model species Populus tremula x alba. By using a combination of chemical analyses, genetic modification and microscopy, the movement of auxin will be tracked from the young developing leaves to the woody stem below and related to the time course of vein formation. The movement of auxin will also be disrupted with chemical inhibitors in order to determine the effects of auxin transport on wood structure. This work is expected to shed light on how the vasculature -- the network of veins that supply leaves with water and distribute sugars to the rest of the plant -- is established in woody plants and how the hormone auxin determines important physical properties of the stem. In particular, liquid permeability is important for improved utilization of plant materials (e.g., wood) as well as plant survival and is determined during vascular development, a process that may be regulated by auxin flow. This project also provides multiple training opportunities for undergraduates interested the sciences both during the academic year and through summer internships. It is expected that this project will encourage ten or more undergraduates to pursue careers in science related to plant biology including forestry, carbon cycling and the development of new raw materials for biofuels.

木本植物提供了关键的能源和建筑材料来源，并在碳固存，水文循环和栖息地组件中起重要作用。尽管木本植物提供了许多服务，但对于木质茎的发展以及茎的较旧木质部分与年轻的非木质生长之间形成的血管连接鲜为人知。该项目的主要目的是确定使用模型物种Poppulus tremula X Alba的植物激素生长素的运动如何控制木本植物的血管发育。通过结合化学分析，遗传修饰和显微镜的组合，生长素的运动将从幼小的叶子到下面的木质茎以及与静脉形成的时间过程有关。生长素的运动也将被化学抑制剂破坏，以确定生长素转运对木材结构的影响。预计这项工作将阐明脉管系统如何在木质植物中建立脉管系统 - 供应水并向其余的植物分配糖的网络以及激素生长素如何确定茎的重要物理特性。特别是，液体渗透性对于改善植物材料（例如木材）和植物存活的利用非常重要，并在血管发育过程中确定，这一过程可能受生长素流量调节。该项目还为本科生提供了多种培训机会，无论学年还是通过暑期实习感兴趣的科学。预计该项目将鼓励十名或更多的大学生从事与植物生物学有关的科学职业，包括林业，碳循环以及开发新生物燃料的新原材料。