Division Plane Orientation in Plant Cells

植物细胞的分割面方向

• 批准号: 1244202
• 负责人: Carolyn Rasmussen
• 金额: $ 52.1万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1244202&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Division; Plane; Orientation; Plant; Cells

Plants have two methods for establishing a body plan: division and expansion. Therefore, understanding cell division, particularly the coordination between cell division and differentiation mediated by correct orientation of the division plane, is crucial to understanding plant development. Moreover, division plane orientation is vital for all eukaryotic cells, and plants serve as useful model organisms for studying this process. Little is known about the factors that control proper orientation of the division plane in plants, however, recent data suggests that sequential modification of the plant division site is essential for the final proper orientation of cell division. This research identifies the proteins responsible for controlling division plane orientation in both Arabidopsis thaliana and maize. The experimental approaches include live cell imaging, biochemistry, and reverse and forward genetics. The expected outcome of this research is identification of a plant division site interactome placed within the temporal context of the cell cycle and within the interacting network of other proteins. This outcome will have important positive impact because elucidating the process of plant division plane orientation will provide new tools and resources for modifying plants through control of cell division planes which may lead to next generation improvements in crop plants.Broader ImpactsThis project, focusing on fundamental understanding of cell division dynamics in plants, has the potential for long-term application to crop plants and will also provide useful training and educational opportunities for students in the broader Wyoming community. The project integrates research with training and education by providing student workshops for undergraduates and community college transfer students at University of Wyoming that use developmental genetics and imaging resources described in this project as training tools. Students will initiate research on selected mutants as part of a standard laboratory course in the Molecular Biology curriculum, and then will have the opportunity to apply for competitive student funding from the NSF Wyoming EPSCoR program for summer research. Community college students will be offered two-day workshops in A. thaliana imaging and genetics to supplement already established activities designed to introduce community college students to opportunities as undergrads at University of Wyoming. The project aims to broaden participation of under-represented groups through development of a research program headed by a female principal investigator with the goal of attracting new scientists into careers in high-priority areas of national need (agriculture and plant sciences), making use of internally and externally funded programs at University of Wyoming. Specifically the investigator will host 7th and 8th grade girls at an Annual Women and Girls in Science Day. Students will be encouraged to communicate with the investigator via Facebook as they enter the high school science curriculum. In addition to enhancing scientific and technological understanding by dissemination of project results through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national conferences, the project will benefit society by advancing knowledge of the biology of plant division site orientation. In the long-term, the outcomes of the research will be translated to and complemented by new findings in crop plants.

植物有两种建立身体计划的方法：分裂和扩展。因此，了解细胞分裂，特别是由分裂平面的正确方向介导的细胞分裂和分化之间的协调，对于了解植物发育至关重要。此外，分割面方向对于所有真核细胞都至关重要，植物可以作为研究这一过程的有用模型生物。人们对控制植物分裂平面正确方向的因素知之甚少，然而，最近的数据表明，植物分裂位点的顺序修饰对于细胞分裂的最终正确方向至关重要。这项研究鉴定了负责控制拟南芥和玉米中分裂平面方向的蛋白质。实验方法包括活细胞成像、生物化学以及反向和正向遗传学。这项研究的预期结果是鉴定位于细胞周期时间背景和其他蛋白质相互作用网络内的植物分裂位点相互作用组。这一结果将产生重要的积极影响，因为阐明植物分裂平面定向的过程将为通过控制细胞分裂平面来修改植物提供新的工具和资源，这可能导致作物植物的下一代改进。更广泛的影响该项目，重点关注基本理解植物细胞分裂动力学的研究具有长期应用于农作物的潜力，并且还将为更广泛的怀俄明州社区的学生提供有用的培训和教育机会。该项目将研究与培训和教育结合起来，为怀俄明大学的本科生和社区学院转学生提供学生研讨会，使用该项目中描述的发育遗传学和成像资源作为培训工具。学生将开始对选定的突变体进行研究，作为分子生物学课程标准实验室课程的一部分，然后将有机会申请 NSF 怀俄明州 EPSCoR 项目的竞争性学生资助，用于夏季研究。将为社区学院的学生提供为期两天的拟南芥成像和遗传学研讨会，以补充现有的活动，旨在向社区学院的学生介绍怀俄明大学本科生的机会。该项目旨在通过制定由女性首席研究员领导的研究计划来扩大代表性不足群体的参与，其目标是吸引新科学家进入国家需要的高度优先领域（农业和植物科学）的职业生涯，利用怀俄明大学的内部和外部资助项目。具体来说，调查员将在年度妇女和女孩科学日招待七年级和八年级的女孩。当学生进入高中科学课程时，我们将鼓励他们通过 Facebook 与研究者进行交流。除了通过同行评审的出版物和在国家会议上的演讲传播项目成果来增强科学和技术理解之外，该项目还将通过推进植物分裂位点定位的生物学知识来造福社会。从长远来看，研究成果将转化为农作物的新发现并得到新发现的补充。