The Dynamics of Hurricanes

飓风的动力学

• 批准号: 1250966
• 负责人: Wayne Schubert
• 金额: $ 51.36万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1250966&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Hurricanes

Researchers supported under this project will apply a combination of theory, numerical models, and analysis of existing observations to advance understanding of a number of key aspects of hurricane dynamics. The investigators contend that fundamental understanding of underlying atmospheric dynamics has come primarily from studies with balanced models and potential vorticity dynamics. The approach in this proposal will be to examine data with guidance from the basic dynamical concepts developed in theoretical and numerical work. The intellectual merit of this work will come through coordinated examination of a number of specific topics that include: (1) Warm ring thermal structure; (2) balanced wind and mass fields and their relation to eyewall slope; (3) hypersensitivity of intensification rates to eyewall position (as a diabatic heating source relative to the zone of highest inertial stability); (4) Burger's shock structures produced by strong radial inflow in the hurricane boundary layer; (5) lower-stratospheric structure above a hurricane; and (6) inadequacies of the Saffir-Simpson scale. Broader impacts will accrue through training of graduate students, increased interaction between applied mathematics and atmospheric dynamics communities, and the development of user-friendly software for application and exploration simplified dynamical principles that will be made freely available to other researchers. This research will also address a significant issue, viz. the need for improved physical understanding and forecasts of mechanisms leading to rapid changes in the intensity and resulting societal impacts of hurricanes.

该项目支持的研究人员将采用理论，数值模型以及对现有观察结果的分析的结合，以提高人们对飓风动态的许多关键方面的了解。 研究人员认为，对潜在大气动态的基本理解主要来自具有平衡模型和潜在涡度动态的研究。 该提案中的方法是在理论和数值工作中开发的基本动力学概念的指导下检查数据。 这项工作的智力优点将通过对许多特定主题进行协调检查，其中包括：（1）温暖的环热结构； （2）平衡的风和大众场及其与眼坡坡的关系； （3）对眼墙位置的强化速率过敏（作为具有最高惯性稳定区域的绝热加热来源）； （4）飓风边界层中强烈的径向流入产生的汉堡冲击结构； （5）飓风上方的下层层结构； （6）Saffir-Simpson量表不足。 通过培训研究生，增加了数学和大气动态社区之间的相互作用，以及开发用于应用和探索简化的动力学原理的用户友好软件的开发，将产生更广泛的影响，并开发了其他研究人员。 这项研究还将解决一个重大问题，即。需要改善身体理解和对机制的预测，从而导致飓风的强度和社会影响的快速变化。