EAGER: Biodiesel / Ethanol RCCI Combustion Exploration at Multiple Engine Loads and Speeds

EAGER：多种发动机负载和速度下的生物柴油/乙醇 RCCI 燃烧探索

• 批准号: 1247290
• 负责人: Timothy Jacobs
• 金额: $ 6万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1247290&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Biodiesel; Ethanol; RCCI; Combustion

Current combustion systems predominantly are ?single-fuel? devices. For example, the ubiquitous spark ignition engine routinely uses gasoline as a fuel, while the typical compression ignition engine uses diesel as a fuel. There are well-founded reasons for this existing paradigm. In simple terms, the high volatility of gasoline makes it amendable for pre-cylinder (or early direct-cylinder injection) vaporization and subsequent premixing. Likewise, the high ignitability of diesel fuel makes it appropriate for compression ignition. The past century of engine development, however, has witnessed tremendous growth and advancement of both spark- and compression-ignition engines. A reasonable question becomes, what?s the best fuel for the advanced combustion engine? Some preliminary efforts have suggested that the best fuel may in fact be a combination of two fuels. Specifically, the Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition mode of combustion ? which is a type of low temperature combustion ? uses both a highly volatile fuel (such as gasoline) along with a highly ignitable fuel (such as diesel) in the same apparatus. This shift in the paradigm requires exploration of other qualifying fuels, particularly alternative fuels, in an effort to discern if this radically different approach may yield the high payoff it potentially promises. Several research questions exist regarding such science, including how the fuels? interactions may affect chemistry of the reaction, how physical fluidic processes (such as penetration, breakup, atomization, and vaporization) are affected by the presence of a potentially reactive mixture, and how soot formation processes are affected by the interaction with a reactive mixture. This research aims to explore the viability of hydrous ethanol and biodiesel as fuels in dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) low temperature combustion mode in a medium-duty diesel engine and to compare their response ? in terms of engine power, efficiency, and in-cylinder processes (such as fluid processes, chemistry, and emissions formation) ? with RCCI using conventional gasoline and diesel fuels. The overarching benefit of RCCI seems to be that it can simultaneously reduce NOx and soot from diesel engines while also maintaining high efficiency and specific power. The research makes use of experimental engine research facilities with controlled studies of the fuel and air mass and rate of reaction. This research intends to improve the end use efficiency of work conversion devices (such as combustion engines) while maintaining environment quality (i.e., low emissions) and assessing the viability of alternative fuels in combustion systems. Implementation of RCCI results in high chemical-to-work conversion efficiencies while maintaining low formation rates of nitrogen oxides and soot, both which contribute to poor atmospheric quality and local SMOG. The attainment of high efficiency combustion systems, particularly with the use of bio-based alternative fuels, allows society to move toward carbon-neutrality. Additionally, the research will further efforts to recruit and educate underrepresented students through hands-on experimental research. Funds will be leveraged to support graduate and undergraduate research to improve the number of students formally educated in STEM disciplines.

当前的燃烧系统主要是“单一燃料”。设备。例如，普遍存在的火花点火发动机通常使用汽油作为燃料，而典型的压缩点火发动机使用柴油作为燃料。这种现有范式有充分的理由。简而言之，汽油的高挥发性使其适合缸前（或早期直接缸内喷射）汽化和随后的预混合。同样，柴油燃料的高可燃性使其适合压缩点火。然而，过去一个世纪的发动机发展见证了火花点火式发动机和压燃式发动机的巨大发展和进步。一个合理的问题是，先进内燃机的最佳燃料是什么？一些初步研究表明，最好的燃料实际上可能是两种燃料的组合。具体来说，反应性控制压缩点火燃烧模式？低温燃烧属于哪一种？在同一设备中同时使用高挥发性燃料（例如汽油）和高易燃性燃料（例如柴油）。这种范式的转变需要探索其他合格的燃料，特别是替代燃料，以努力辨别这种完全不同的方法是否可以产生其潜在承诺的高回报。关于此类科学存在几个研究问题，包括燃料如何？相互作用可能会影响反应的化学性质、潜在反应性混合物的存在如何影响物理流体过程（例如渗透、分解、雾化和汽化），以及与反应性混合物的相互作用如何影响烟灰形成过程。本研究旨在探讨含水乙醇和生物柴油作为中型柴油机双燃料反应性控制压缩点火（RCCI）低温燃烧模式燃料的可行性，并比较它们的响应？在发动机功率、效率和缸内过程（例如流体过程、化学和排放形成）方面？ RCCI 使用传统汽油和柴油燃料。 RCCI 的首要好处似乎是它可以同时减少柴油发动机的氮氧化物和烟灰，同时保持高效率和比功率。该研究利用实验发动机研究设施，对燃料和空气质量以及反应速率进行受控研究。这项研究旨在提高功转换装置（例如内燃机）的最终使用效率，同时保持环境质量（即低排放）并评估燃烧系统中替代燃料的可行性。 RCCI 的实施可提高化学品到工作的转化效率，同时保持较低的氮氧化物和烟尘形成率，这两者都会导致大气质量差和当地烟雾。高效燃烧系统的实现，特别是使用生物基替代燃料，使社会能够迈向碳中和。此外，该研究将进一步努力通过实践实验研究来招募和教育代表性不足的学生。资金将用于支持研究生和本科生的研究，以增加接受 STEM 学科正式教育的学生数量。