Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Do Parallel Patterns Arise from Parallel Processes?

维度：协作研究：并行模式是否源自并行流程？

• 批准号: 1241247
• 负责人: Julian Sachs
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1241247&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Do; Parallel

This project will survey the taxonomic, genetic, and functional diversity of the organisms found in marine lakes, and investigate the processes that cause gains and losses in this biodiversity. Marine lakes formed as melting ice sheets raised sea level after the last glacial maximum and flooded hundreds of inland valleys around the world. Inoculated with marine life from the surrounding sea and then isolated to varying degrees for the next 6,000 to 15,000 years, these marine lakes provide multiple, independent examples of how environments and interactions between species can drive extinction and speciation. Researchers will survey the microbes, algae, invertebrates, and fishes present in 40 marine lakes in Palau and Papua, and study how diversity has changed over time by retrieving the remains of organisms preserved in sediments on the lake bottoms. The project will test whether the number of species, the diversity of functional roles played by organisms, and the genetic diversity within species increase and decrease in parallel; whether certain species can greatly curtail diversity by changing the environment; whether the size of a lake determines its biodiversity; and whether the processes that control diversity in marine organisms are similar to those that operate on land.Because biodiversity underlies the ecosystem services on which society depends, society has a great interest in understanding the processes that generate and retain biodiversity in nature. This project will also help conserve areas of economic importance. Marine lakes in the study region are important for tourism, and researchers will work closely with governmental and non-governmental conservation and education groups and with diving and tourism businesses to raise awareness of the value and threats to marine lakes in Indonesia and Palau. The project will reach out to the public by developing a marine lakes website, a tourist booklet and posters for Papua, and a student club that promotes scholarship, professional development, and evidence-based public education. The project will contribute to scientific infrastructure by providing online access to specimens and associated metadata, and content for the prize-winning website of the Museum of Paleontology at the University of California at Berkeley. Finally, the project will help build the workforce for science by involving early career scientists and by training undergraduate and graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher.

该项目将调查海洋湖泊中发现的生物体的分类，遗传和功能多样性，并调查导致这种生物多样性增长和损失的过程。 在最后一次冰川最大的最大值之后，海洋湖泊形成，融化冰盖升高了海平面，并淹没了世界各地数百个内陆山谷。 这些海洋湖泊接种了周围海洋的海洋生物，然后在接下来的6,000至15，000年中以不同程度的隔离度，提供了多个独立的例子，说明了物种之间环境和相互作用如何驱动灭绝和物种形成。 研究人员将调查帕劳和巴布亚40个海洋湖泊中存在的微生物，藻类，无脊椎动物和鱼类，并研究通过检索保存在湖底沉积物中的生物体遗迹随着时间而变化的多样性。 该项目将测试物种的数量，生物体扮演的功能角色的多样性以及物种内的遗传多样性的平行增加和减少；某些物种是否可以通过改变环境大大削弱多样性；湖泊的大小是否决定其生物多样性；以及控制海洋生物多样性的过程是否与在土地上运作的过程相似。由于生物多样性是社会依赖的生态系统服务的基础，社会对理解自然界中产生和保留生物多样性的过程非常感兴趣。 该项目还将有助于保护经济重要性。 研究地区的海洋湖泊对旅游业很重要，研究人员将与政府和非政府保护和教育团体以及潜水和旅游业紧密合作，以提高人们对印度尼西亚和帕劳海洋湖泊的价值和威胁的认识。 该项目将通过开发海洋湖泊网站，一本游客小册子和巴布亚海报以及促进奖学金，专业发展和基于证据的公共教育的学生俱乐部来向公众致意。 该项目将通过在线访问标本和相关的元数据访问，并为加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的古生物学博物馆获奖网站提供在线访问，从而为科学基础设施提供贡献。 最后，该项目将通过参与早期职业科学家以及培训本科生和研究生以及博士后研究员来帮助建立科学的劳动力。