RUI: The production and degradation of oxygenated hydrocarbons in seawater

RUI：海水中含氧烃的产生和降解

• 批准号: 1233091
• 负责人: Warren De Bruyn
• 金额: $ 24.97万
• 依托单位: Chapman University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1233091&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; production; degradation; oxygenated; hydrocarbons

Oxygenated hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in the atmosphere with levels ranging from low ppt (acetaldehyde) to low ppb (methanol). They react rapidly with hydroxyl radicals to produce ozone, carbon monoxide, and a variety of other secondary products, and they also contribute to particle formation in the atmosphere. Over the last decade, attempts have been made to inventory sources and analyze atmospheric budgets. Although estimates have improved, significant discrepancies remain. In particular, the role of the oceans as a source or sink for oxygenated hydrocarbons is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in global models. Budget estimates are limited by the very small database of ocean mixed layer measurements and a limited understanding of processes controlling levels in seawater. In this project, faculty and undergraduate students at Chapman University will continue their earlier NSF-sponsored efforts to measure the photochemical and biological production and destruction rates of 4 atmospherically-relevant oxygenated hydrocarbons (acetone, acetaldehyde, methanol and ethanol) in coastal waters. These studies will provide process level data that will better constrain the role of the oceans in cycling these species into or out of the troposphere. Broader Impacts: This project will have significant broader impacts on the research experience of undergraduate students at Chapman University, a private, liberal arts-based university with 4,500 undergraduate students located in a diverse community in Southern California with a strong commitment to undergraduate research in environmental chemistry. The PIs currently supervise the research projects of 5 undergraduates, and anticipate working with 4-6 students in summer research on this project. Students will present their research at national meetings. In addition to providing significant research opportunities to a large group of undergraduate students, findings and methods from this study will be incorporated into undergraduate courses taught by the PIs in Atmospheric, Instrumental and Physical Chemistry, expanding project impacts to a larger audience.

含氧碳氢化合物在大气中无处不在，水平从低PPT（乙醛）到低PPB（甲醇）。它们与羟基自由基迅速反应，以产生臭氧，一氧化碳和各种其他二级产品，并且也有助于大气中的颗粒形成。 在过去的十年中，已经尝试了库存来源并分析大气预算。尽管估计有所改善，但仍然存在很大的差异。特别是，海洋作为氧化烃的来源或下沉的作用是全球模型中最大的不确定性来源之一。预算估计受到海洋混合层测量值的非常小的数据库的限制，并且对控制海水中的流程水平有限。在这个项目中，查普曼大学的教职员工和本科生将继续他们的NSF提起的努力，以衡量4种与沿海沃特斯的4种大气相关的氧化碳氢化合物（丙酮，乙醇和乙醇）的光化学和生物生产和破坏率。这些研究将提供过程水平数据，以更好地限制海洋在将这些物种循环到对流层中或从对流层中的作用。更广泛的影响：该项目将对查普曼大学（Chapman University）的本科生的研究经验产生更大的影响，该大学是一所私立的基于文科的大学，拥有4,500名本科生，位于南加州的一个多元化社区中，坚定地承诺在环境化学方面研究本科研究。 PIS目前监督5名本科生的研究项目，并预计与4-6名学生在夏季对该项目进行研究。学生将在国家会议上介绍他们的研究。除了为大量的本科生提供重要的研究机会外，本研究的发现和方法还将纳入PIS在大气，器乐和物理化学中教授的本科课程中，从而扩大了项目对更大受众的影响。