MRI: Acquisition of GPS Equipment for Establishing a Continuously Operating Dense GPS Network in Houston Metropolitan Area for Urban Natural Hazards Study

MRI：采购 GPS 设备，在休斯顿都会区建立连续运行的密集 GPS 网络，用于城市自然灾害研究

• 批准号: 1229278
• 负责人: Guoquan Wang
• 金额: $ 40.14万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1229278&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; GPS; Equipment; Establishing

1229278WangThis Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) grant supports acquisition of necessary equipment and installation of a real-time continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) observational network in the Houston metropolitan. The so-called ?HoustonNet? will support studies of urban natural hazards related to deformation processes associated with local and regional tectonics, flood loading and subsurface fluid extraction and salt diapirism, in large part causing subsidence and sinkhole dynamics in this area with significant associated civil costs and engineering and hazards management considerations. Data from the network will also enable geoscientists to address fundamental questions about the relationship between tectonic motions in the Gulf Coast and the activity and processes of growth of normal faults, the role of salt domes, and the possible role of aquifer depletion and petroleum extraction in re-activating certain normal faults. HoustonNet will span an area of 200 x 150 km with average GPS station spacing of 15 km inside the Houston metro area and 30 km outside the metro area. Forty-five (45) continuously operating GPS stations, 10 with co-located weather stations would be installed. Twenty-five (25) of these will be maintained by the Houston-Galveston Subsidence District and Fort Bend Subsidence District for ground subsidence monitoring motivated by understanding the effects of water, oil, and gas extraction. Seven (7) stations will be co-located with borehole extensometers operated by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Five (5) stations will be in close proximity with weather and environmental towers operated by the University of Houston (UH). Eight (8) stations will be installed on local public school buildings. The stations will be installed with assistance of a UNAVCO field engineer and a graduate student who will be trained in geodetic monument engineering and GPS geodesy. All of the observational data will be telemetered and open to the public through the data archiving facility at UNAVCO and a real-time GPS data streaming system at the UH Geodesy Laboratory. The network will also support real time tropospheric water vapor tomography in support of atmospheric studies and for improving regional weather forecasting and hurricane intensity forecasting. The network will serve the local civil engineering for cadastral surveys and engineering projects requiring precise positioning. The PI team includes faculty from the Departments of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Engineering Technology, Electrical and Computer Engineering, and National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) at the University of Houston and planned installations at local area K-12 building will form the basis of planned outreach efforts. ***

1229278Wang 这项重大研究仪器 (MRI) 拨款支持在休斯顿大都市购买必要的设备和安装实时连续运行的全球定位系统 (GPS) 观测网络。 所谓的“HoustonNet”？将支持对与当地和区域构造、洪水荷载和地下流体提取以及盐底辟作用相关的变形过程相关的城市自然灾害的研究，这些变形过程在很大程度上导致该地区的沉降和天坑动态，并具有显着的相关土木成本以及工程和灾害管理考虑。 来自该网络的数据还将使地球科学家能够解决墨西哥湾沿岸的构造运动与正断层的活动和生长过程之间的关系、盐丘的作用以及含水层枯竭和石油开采的可能作用等基本问题。重新激活某些正常故障。 HoustonNet 将覆盖 200 x 150 公里的区域，休斯顿都市区内 GPS 站平均间距为 15 公里，都市区外 30 公里。 将安装四十五 (45) 个连续运行的 GPS 站，其中 10 个气象站位于同一地点。 其中二十五 (25) 个将由休斯顿-加尔维斯顿沉降区和本德堡沉降区维护，用于通过了解水、石油和天然气开采的影响进行地面沉降监测。七 (7) 个监测站将与美国地质调查局 (USGS) 运营的钻孔引伸计位于同一地点。五 (5) 个监测站将靠近休斯顿大学 (UH) 运营的气象和环境塔。 当地公立学校建筑上将安装八 (8) 个车站。 这些监测站的安装将由一名 UNAVCO 现场工程师和一名接受大地测量纪念碑工程和 GPS 大地测量学培训的研究生协助。 所有观测数据都将通过 UNAVCO 的数据存档设施和 UH 大地测量实验室的实时 GPS 数据流系统进行遥测并向公众开放。 该网络还将支持实时对流层水蒸气层析成像，以支持大气研究并改进区域天气预报和飓风强度预报。 该网络将为当地土木工程提供地籍测量和需要精确定位的工程项目服务。 PI 团队包括来自休斯顿大学地球与大气科学系、土木与环境工程系、工程技术系、电气与计算机工程系以及国家机载激光测绘中心 (NCALM) 的教师，并计划在 K- 当地安装12 号大楼将构成计划外展工作的基础。 ***