Electronic Properties of Two Dimensional Electron Systems: Exploring the Role of Dimensionality Boundaries and Interfaces.

二维电子系统的电子特性：探索维度边界和界面的作用。

• 批准号: 1207108
• 负责人: Eva Andrei
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1207108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Electronic; Properties; Two; Dimensional; Electron

****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****Two dimensional electron systems, by virtue of their reduced spatial dimension and incomplete screening, present exotic electronic properties and novel correlated phases which are unavailable in three dimensional counterparts. To date, in spite of important advances and discoveries made by studying the conventional two dimensional electron systems trapped at semiconductor interfaces, many questions remain open. The work proposed here will employ graphene, one of the latest additions to the family of two dimensional electron systems, to address questions regarding novel electronic properties and correlated electron phases that arise due to the reduced dimensionality, screening, boundaries and chiral nature of the charge carriers at low temperatures and in high magnetic fields. Answering these questions may hold the key to novel application including ultra-fast electronics and building blocks for quantum computers. The experimental probes will include low temperature high-magnetic field scanning tunneling microscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, Landau level spectroscopy and magneto-transport. The proposed research will provide an excellent training ground for young researchers in state of the art nano-fabrication and spectroscopy techniques. In addition, the direct and visually oriented nature of the information from this research project will make it easy to communicate the excitement of physics and nano-science to students and to the general public. ****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****Everything around us, from the smallest creature to the largest object is three dimensional. Our views and understanding of the world as well as the laws of physics governing it are grounded in this trio of spatial dimensions: length, width and height. What would happen if one of these dimensions were taken away leaving us in a proverbial "flatland". It turns out that strange and counterintuitive phenomena can occur because in such a two-dimensional world quantum mechanics, the theory which describes the behavior of the microscopic world of atoms and electrons, becomes manifest at macroscopic length scales. This project will pursue experiments to probe these new types of quantum phenomena in a recently discovered two-dimensional system, graphene. Graphene a membrane made of crystalline Carbon which is only one atom thick is the closest realization of a truly two dimensional system known to date. The project will employ the most advanced tools of experimental science: nanofabrication, low temperatures, high magnetic fields, atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, to probe and manipulate the properties of graphene. Possible outcomes include the creation of novel electronic phases with properties that can be tuned by applying a magnetic field or a gate voltage, and devices that could one day serve as building blocks for quantum computers. This project will support the education of young researchers in state of the art science and technological applications providing an excellent training ground for a broad spectrum of scientific careers ranging from academia to the most advanced technology industries.

****技术摘要****二维电子系统，由于它们的空间尺寸降低和不完整的筛选，当前的奇异电子特性和新型相关阶段，这些相位在三维对应物中不可用。迄今为止，尽管通过研究被困在半导体界面的常规二维电子系统而取得的重要进展和发现，但许多问题仍然开放。此处提出的工作将采用石墨烯，这是二维电子系统家族的最新添加之一，以解决有关新型电子性能和相关电子相的问题，这些问题是由于低温和高磁场在高温和高磁场下的尺寸，筛选，边界，边界，边界，边界，边界和胆汁性质。回答这些问题可能是新颖应用的关键，包括量子计算机的超快速电子设备和构建块。 实验探针将包括低温高磁场扫描隧道显微镜，扫描隧道光谱，Landau水平光谱和磁通磁管。 拟议的研究将为最先进的纳米制作和光谱技术的年轻研究人员提供良好的培训理由。 此外，该研究项目的信息的直接和视觉性质将使物理和纳米科学的兴奋与学生和公众交流。 ****非技术抽象****我们周围的一切，从最小的生物到最大的对象都是三维的。 我们对世界的看法和理解以及统治它的物理定律基于这三个空间维度：长度，宽度和高度。如果将这些维度之一带走，将会发生什么，而我们将我们置于众所周知的“ Flatland”中。 事实证明，奇怪和违反直觉现象可能发生，因为在这样的二维世界量子力学中，描述原子和电子微观世界的行为的理论在宏观长度尺度上显现出来。 该项目将进行实验，以在最近发现的二维系统石墨烯中探测这些新型的量子现象。 石墨烯是由晶体碳制成的膜，它是一个原子厚的膜，是迄今已知的真正二维系统的最接近实现。 该项目将采用实验科学的最先进工具：纳米化，低温，高磁场，原子分辨率扫描隧道显微镜和光谱，以探测和操纵石墨烯的性质。 可能的结果包括创建具有可以通过磁场或栅极电压来调整的特性的新型电子相，以及可以用作量子计算机的构建块的设备。 该项目将支持年轻研究人员在最先进的科学和技术应用方面的教育，为从学术界到最先进的技术工业等广泛的科学职业提供了良好的培训。