Universal and Non-Universal Few-Body Physics in the Ultracold

超冷中的普遍和非普遍少体物理学

• 批准号: 1205443
• 负责人: Doerte Blume
• 金额: $ 25.5万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1205443&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Universal; Non; Few; Body; Physics; Universal; Non; Few; Body; Physics

Few-body physics has played a prominent role in atomic, molecular and nuclear physics since the early days of quantum mechanics. A microscopic description of universal and non-universal aspects of ultracold s-wave interacting atomic few-body systems with up to six particles is planned. Specifically, a hyperspherical explicitly correlated Gaussian approach (HECG) applicable to four- and five-body systems with finite orbital angular momentum will be develoepd. Together with the "standard" explicitly correlated Gaussian approach, this approach will be applied to few-atom systems with various symmetries and large s-wave scattering lengths. Moreover, the physics of few-body systems in periodic structures (a periodic box or an optical lattice) will be investigated. Lastly, microscopic finite-temperature approaches will be developed and applied.The algorithm developments are expected to have implications for a variety of subdisciplines within physics and chemistry. The successful generalization of the HECG approach to states with finite angular momentum is expected to provide access to single- and multi-channel scattering observables. As such, the developed approach may find applications in nuclear and chemical physics, in addition to applications in atomic and molecular physics. The applications to ultracold few-body systems will significantly enhance our understanding of fundamental, yet highly correlated, few-body states, which govern much of the dynamics of ultracold quantum gases. Students will be actively involved in all aspects of the proposed research activities including the planning of the fundamental studies, the calculations and the interpretation and dissimination of the results. The research training of undergraduate and graduate students in atomic theory with emphasis on analytical and numerical techniques prepares them for a wide variety of future pursuits. Students' classroom experiences will be improved by incorporating some of the latest advances.

自从量子力学的早期以来，很少有身体物理学在原子，分子和核物理学中发挥了重要作用。已计划对超低S波相互作用的原子量系统的普遍和非普遍方面的微观描述，最多六个颗粒。具体而言，适用于具有有限轨道角动量的四体和五体系统的超明确相关的高斯方法（HECG）将是DeveloEPD。连同“标准”显式相关的高斯方法一起，该方法将应用于具有各种对称性和较大S波散射长度的几个原子系统。此外，将研究周期性结构（周期盒或光学晶格）中几个体系统的物理学。最后，将开发和应用微观有限温度的方法。预计该算法的开发对物理和化学中的各种子学科有影响。 HECG对具有有限角动量的状态的成功概括有望提供对单通道散射可观察物的访问。因此，除了在原子和分子物理学中的应用外，开发的方法还可以在核和化学物理学中找到应用。超低少体系统的应用将显着增强我们对基本且高度相关的几个身体状态的理解，这些状态控制着超低量子气体的大部分动力学。学生将积极参与拟议的研究活动的各个方面，包括基本研究的计划，计算以及结果的解释和避免。原子理论的本科生和研究生的研究培训重点是分析和数值技术，为他们做好了多种未来的追求。通过合并一些最新进展，可以改善学生的课堂经验。