Design of Complex Materials from Structurally Simple Gelators, Ionic Liquids, and Polymers and their Applications

结构简单的胶凝剂、离子液体和聚合物的复杂材料的设计及其应用

• 批准号: 1147353
• 负责人: Richard Weiss
• 金额: $ 43.8万
• 依托单位: Georgetown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1147353&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Design; Complex; Materials; Structurally; Simple

In this project, co-funded by the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program and the Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms Program of the Chemistry Division, Richard G. Weiss of Georgetown University will investigate the structure and dynamics of self-assembly of molecules derived from naturally hydroxyalkanoic acids into fibrillar objects and gels and other molecules yielding new ionic liquids, ionic liquid crystals, and polymers. Some of the materials will be chiral and/or thermally or chemically reversible based on the uptake and loss of neutral triatomic molecules, such as carbon dioxide. By relating the structural and temporal evolution of the aggregation and nucleation processes, a correlation between nanoscale and macroscale objects will be made. The influence of solvent, especially as it pertains to the aggregation and growth of the objects, will be investigated as well. The overall objective is to create a picture of how and why molecules aggregate into the various one-dimensional objects so that the rules for such processes can be applied to a wide variety of systems. The broader impacts involve training graduate and undergraduate students and postdocs to solve interdisciplinary problems. In addition, the research will expose the young scientists to researchers from other institutions within the United States and in developing countries. While the research will primarily impact fundamental chemical science the outcomes will also be important for applications in which gels are important, such as oil recovery, art conservation and food science.Gels are composed of extended aggregates of molecule, and are found in nature as well as industrial products. This research project will enhance our understanding of how molecules assemble into gel-forming structures and will form the basis for understanding more complex natural and engineered systems, such as how amyloid fibers form in the brain, how blood clots form and how better protective coatings can be engineered.

在这个项目中，由化学系高分子、超分子和纳米化学项目和化学结构、动力学和机理项目共同资助，乔治城大学的理查德·G·韦斯将研究源自将天然羟基链烷酸转化为纤维状物体、凝胶和其他分子，产生新的离子液体、离子液晶和聚合物。 一些材料基于中性三原子分子（例如二氧化碳）的吸收和损失而具有手性和/或热或化学可逆性。 通过关联聚集和成核过程的结构和时间演化，将建立纳米尺度和宏观尺度物体之间的关联。 溶剂的影响，特别是与物体的聚集和生长有关的影响，也将被研究。 总体目标是创建一幅关于分子如何以及为何聚集成各种一维物体的图片，以便将此类过程的规则应用于各种系统。 更广泛的影响包括培训研究生、本科生和博士后解决跨学科问题。 此外，该研究还将让年轻科学家接触来自美国和发展中国家其他机构的研究人员。 虽然这项研究将主要影响基础化学科学，但其结果对于凝胶很重要的应用也很重要，例如石油采收、艺术保护和食品科学。凝胶由分子的扩展聚集体组成，在自然界中也存在作为工业产品。 该研究项目将增强我们对分子如何组装成凝胶形成结构的理解，并将为理解更复杂的自然和工程系统奠定基础，例如淀粉样纤维如何在大脑中形成、血栓如何形成以及更好的保护涂层如何发挥作用。被设计。