EAGER: A General Ethical Dilemma Analyzer

EAGER：通用道德困境分析器

• 批准号: 1151305
• 负责人: Michael Anderson
• 金额: $ 6.61万
• 依托单位: University of Hartford
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1151305&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; General; Ethical; Dilemma; Analyzer

Systems that are capable of producing change in the environment require particular attention to the ethical ramifications of their behavior. The determination and mitigation of the ethical concerns of such systems has to date been charged to their designers and has largely been accomplished by simply preventing systems from engaging in ethically unacceptable behavior in a predetermined, ad hoc manner, which can unnecessarily constrain the set of possible behaviors. Although this may have been considered "best practice" in the past, the coupling of computational intelligence to such systems is likely to provide better options. This is especially true of autonomous systems, which not only produce change in the environment but are capable of monitoring this environment to determine the effect of their actions as well as what the next action should be. Ethical questions concerning the behavior of such complex and dynamic systems are likely to exceed the grasp of their designers and elude simple static solutions. Autonomous systems will therefore need tools and methodologies to help codify ethical principles pertinent to their behavior, principles which form the basis for the autonomous selection and justification of ethically preferable actions.In this research, the PI and his team will develop and implement a general methodology for the discovery of ethical principles, abstracted from their previous work, which incrementally constructs representations that characterize ethical dilemmas and discovers decision principles necessary to resolve them. They will use this system to codify representation schemes and principles of ethical decision-making in domains that are of particular significance to autonomous systems in their interaction with human beings. And they will evaluate the discovered representations and principles through independent consultation. The PI expects project outcomes will provide evidence that ethical principles and decision-making can be computed and function effectively in domains where machines are likely to interact with human beings.Broader Impacts: This research will lay the foundations for providing autonomous systems across multiple domains with the principles required to choose the most ethically correct actions and justify these choices. Thus, the work should alleviate concerns with autonomous systems and bolster society's support for their development in a wide range of domains. An important by-product of the research is that breakthroughs in ethical theory are likely to result as representations and principles for resolving ethical dilemmas are discovered.

能够在环境中产生变化的系统需要特别关注其行为的道德后果。 迄今为止，已经向其设计师收取了对此类系统的道德关注的确定和缓解，并在很大程度上通过简单地防止系统以预定的，临时的方式从事道德上不可接受的行为来实现，这可能不必要地限制可能的行为集。 尽管过去可能被认为是“最佳实践”，但计算智能与此类系统的耦合可能会提供更好的选择。 自主系统尤其如此，这不仅会在环境中产生变化，而且能够监视该环境以确定其行动的影响以及下一步的效果。 关于这种复杂和动态系统的行为的道德问题可能会超过其设计师的掌握，并忽略简单的静态解决方案。 因此，自主系统将需要工具和方法论来帮助编纂与其行为相关的道德原则，这些原则构成了自主选择和对伦理上可取的行动的理由的基础。在这项研究中，PI及其团队将开发并实施一种通用方法，以发现伦理原则的发现，从其先前的工作中构建有必要的义务范围来构建伦理的范围，从而构建了义务的范围。 他们将使用该系统将代表方案和道德决策的代表方案和原则编纂，这些域中对自主系统在与人类的互动中特别重要。 他们将通过独立咨询来评估发现的表示和原则。 PI期望项目成果将提供证据表明，可以在机器可能与人类相互作用的域中计算道德原则和决策，并有效地发挥作用。BRODER的影响：这项研究将为跨多个领域提供自主系统的基础，与选择最有道德的正确行动所需的原则，并证明这些选择并证明这些选择最适合这些选择。 因此，这项工作应减轻对自主系统的关注，并支持社会在广泛领域的发展。 该研究的一个重要副产品是，道德理论的突破很可能是由于发现了解决道德困境的表示和原则。