Funktionelle Organisation expressiver Sprache bei der mesialen Temporallappenepilepsie: fMRT Studie zum Vergleich hippocampaler Aktivierung bei freier Wortproduktion gegenüber Standard-Wortflüssigkeitsaufgaben

内侧颞叶癫痫表达语言的功能组织：功能磁共振成像研究比较自由词产生过程中海马的激活与标准言语流利任务期间的海马激活

• 批准号: 202263786
• 负责人: Dr. Anja Haag
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Queen Square Institute of Neurology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/202263786?language=en
• 关键词: Funktionelle; Organisation; expressiver; Sprache; bei

Language is almost unique to the human species. It is of major relevance in every day life and social functioning. Verbal communication abilities crucially influence quality of life. Therefore, language is of high interest in clinical neuroscience. Expressive language function is classically associated with frontal lobe cortex (e.g. Broca`s area) but recent studies also point towards functional relevance of temporal lobe structures (e.g. the hippocampus). Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) constitutes a lesion model for hippocampal function. This fMRI project aims to study word fluency as an expressive language function in mTLE patients. Word fluency is usually investigated with word generation to a given initial letter (phonemic fluency) or to a given category (semantic fluency). However, free, unrestricted word generation has shown hippocampal activation on fMRI in healthy volunteers. This hippocampal activation was attenuated in schizophrenia, which is accompanied (among other pathology) by structural abnormalities of temporal cortex. Patients with mTLE of the left hemisphere, which is usually language dominant, share further characteristics with schizophrenia patients: Both exhibit verbal memory deficits and have a higher probability of atypical (bilateral or right hemispheric) language dominance. Atypical language dominance is considered a result of functional reorganization processes due to neural plasticity. What leads to such reorganisation is not yet clearly understood. This study intends to add substantial knowledge about the role of the hippocampus in expressive language and aims to better characterize determinants of cortical language representation in patients with specific brain lesions. Language fMRI is frequently applied to patients who are candidates for epilepsy surgery to preoperatively identify eloquent cortex. As a clinical impact, results of the proposed study shall contribute to improve current paradigms for fMRI language assessment.

语言几乎是人类独有的。它在日常生活和社会功能中具有重要意义。言语沟通能力对生活质量至关重要。因此，语言在临床神经科学中受到高度关注。表达性语言功能通常与额叶皮层（例如布罗卡区）相关，但最近的研究也指出了颞叶结构（例如海马体）的功能相关性。内侧颞叶癫痫（mTLE）构成了海马功能的损伤模型。该功能磁共振成像项目旨在研究 mTLE 患者的单词流利度作为一种表达语言功能。单词流畅度通常通过单词生成到给定的首字母（音素流畅度）或给定的类别（语义流畅度）来研究。然而，自由、不受限制的单词生成在健康志愿者的功能磁共振成像上显示出海马体的激活。这种海马激活在精神分裂症中减弱，精神分裂症（以及其他病理学）伴随着颞叶皮层的结构异常。左半球 mTLE 患者通常以语言为主，与精神分裂症患者有更多的共同特征：两者都表现出言语记忆缺陷，并且具有非典型（双侧或右半球）语言优势的可能性较高。非典型语言优势被认为是神经可塑性导致的功能重组过程的结果。导致这种重组的原因尚不清楚。本研究旨在增加有关海马体在表达性语言中的作用的大量知识，并旨在更好地表征特定脑损伤患者的皮质语言表征的决定因素。语言功能磁共振成像经常应用于准备接受癫痫手术的患者，以在术前识别语言皮质。作为临床影响，拟议研究的结果将有助于改进当前功能磁共振成像语言评估的范式。