Funktionelle Organisation expressiver Sprache bei der mesialen Temporallappenepilepsie: fMRT Studie zum Vergleich hippocampaler Aktivierung bei freier Wortproduktion gegenüber Standard-Wortflüssigkeitsaufgaben

内侧颞叶癫痫表达语言的功能组织：功能磁共振成像研究比较自由词产生过程中海马的激活与标准言语流利任务期间的海马激活

• 批准号: 202263786
• 负责人: Dr. Anja Haag
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Queen Square Institute of Neurology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/202263786?language=en
• 关键词: Funktionelle; Organisation; expressiver; Sprache; bei

Language is almost unique to the human species. It is of major relevance in every day life and social functioning. Verbal communication abilities crucially influence quality of life. Therefore, language is of high interest in clinical neuroscience. Expressive language function is classically associated with frontal lobe cortex (e.g. Broca`s area) but recent studies also point towards functional relevance of temporal lobe structures (e.g. the hippocampus). Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) constitutes a lesion model for hippocampal function. This fMRI project aims to study word fluency as an expressive language function in mTLE patients. Word fluency is usually investigated with word generation to a given initial letter (phonemic fluency) or to a given category (semantic fluency). However, free, unrestricted word generation has shown hippocampal activation on fMRI in healthy volunteers. This hippocampal activation was attenuated in schizophrenia, which is accompanied (among other pathology) by structural abnormalities of temporal cortex. Patients with mTLE of the left hemisphere, which is usually language dominant, share further characteristics with schizophrenia patients: Both exhibit verbal memory deficits and have a higher probability of atypical (bilateral or right hemispheric) language dominance. Atypical language dominance is considered a result of functional reorganization processes due to neural plasticity. What leads to such reorganisation is not yet clearly understood. This study intends to add substantial knowledge about the role of the hippocampus in expressive language and aims to better characterize determinants of cortical language representation in patients with specific brain lesions. Language fMRI is frequently applied to patients who are candidates for epilepsy surgery to preoperatively identify eloquent cortex. As a clinical impact, results of the proposed study shall contribute to improve current paradigms for fMRI language assessment.

语言几乎是人类独有的。它在日常生活和社会功能中具有重要意义。口头交流能力对生活质量至关重要。因此，语言对临床神经科学具有很高的兴趣。表达语言功能与额叶皮层（例如Broca的区域）经典相关，但最近的研究也表明了颞叶结构的功能相关性（例如，海马）。介体颞叶癫痫（MTLE）构成了海马功能的病变模型。该功能磁共振成像项目旨在将单词流利性研究为MTLE患者的表达语言功能。通常用单词生成对给定的首字母（音素流利）或给定类别（语义流利）进行单词流利度。然而，在健康志愿者中，免费的，不受限制的单词产生显示了fMRI的海马激活。这种海马活化在精神分裂症中减弱，该精神分裂症（除其他病理）与颞皮质的结构异常相伴。通常是语言占主导地位的左半球的患者与精神分裂症患者具有进一步的特征：两者都表现出言语记忆缺陷，并且具有较高的非典型（双边或右半球）语言优势的可能性更高。非典型语言优势被认为是由于神经可塑性引起的功能重组过程的结果。导致这种重组的原因尚未清楚地理解。这项研究旨在增加有关海马在表达语言中的作用的实质性知识，并旨在更好地表征患有特定脑病变患者的皮质语言表示的决定因素。语言fMRI经常应用于接受癫痫手术的候选患者，以术前识别雄辩的皮质。作为临床影响，拟议研究的结果应有助于改善fMRI语言评估的当前范式。