Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Emotional Minority: Testing a Theoretical Model of Minority Influence, Emotion Stereotypes, and Prejudice in a Jury Deliberation Context

博士论文研究：情感少数：在陪审团审议背景下测试少数影响力、情感刻板印象和偏见的理论模型

• 批准号: 1123147
• 负责人: Bette Bottoms
• 金额: $ 1.29万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1123147&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Emotional; Minority

Although the jury room can be an emotional place, little research has examined the impact of jurors' emotions on the deliberation process. Three studies will investigate how expressing emotion affects the potential for a single juror arguing against the rest of the jury (i.e., a holdout) to influence the majority, particularly holdouts from groups associated with emotion stereotypes (e.g., the "angry Black man" stereotype). Stereotyped minorities are often penalized for expressing emotions. In a holdout juror situation, however, emotion stereotypes might present a unique opportunity for the holdout to violate majority members' expectations, which sometimes enhances the credibility of people who hold a minority opinion. This research will assess people's gender- and race-based emotion stereotypes (Study 1), and will investigate the implications of a holdout juror expressing these stereotypical emotions during jury deliberation (Studies 2 and 3). Participants will engage in what appears to be a computer-mediated discussion about a murder case with five other mock jurors, but in reality is a pre-written fictional deliberation script. These studies will test (a) whether participants are more or less persuaded by holdout jurors who express their opinions with sadness, anger, or no emotion, and (b) if these effects depend on whether the holdout is a man or a woman (for whom sadness is stereotypical and anger is nonstereotypical), or a White versus Black man (for whom anger is stereotypical and sadness is nonstereotypical).The proposed research will increase understanding about the effect of emotion expression on underrepresented groups? credibility and potential to exert influence in emotionally charged settings (e.g., juries, collaborator meetings, hiring committees, workplace groups). It will also increase understanding of how historically underrepresented jurors can decrease or enhance their credibility through expressing emotion on juries, and ensure that the many efforts to promote diversity in jury selection are not futile.

尽管陪审室可能是一个情感上的地方，但很少研究研究陪审员情绪对审议过程的影响。三项研究将调查表达情绪如何影响单个陪审员反对其他陪审团的潜力（即保留），以影响多数派，尤其是与情感刻板印象相关的团体（例如，“愤怒的黑人”刻板印象）的群体。刻板印象的少数民族通常会因表达情绪而受到惩罚。然而，在陪审员的局势中，情感刻板印象可能会为违反多数成员的期望提供独特的机会，这有时会提高持有少数派观点的人们的信誉。这项研究将评估人们基于性别和种族的情感刻板印象（研究1），并将调查在陪审团审议期间表达这些刻板印象情绪的保留陪审员的含义（研究2和3）。参与者将与其他五个模拟陪审员进行有关谋杀案的计算机介导的讨论，但实际上是一个预先撰写的虚构审议脚本。这些研究将测试（a）参与者是否或多或少地被保留陪审员说服，他们以悲伤，愤怒或没有情感表达自己的意见，以及（b）是否取决于保留是男人还是女人（对他们的刻板印象和愤怒是非态度和愤怒是非人类的），或者是白人对黑人的愤怒和愤怒的态度，这是愤怒和态度的态度。关于情绪表达对代表性不足的群体的影响？信誉和潜力在情感上充满活力的环境中（例如陪审团，合作者会议，招聘委员会，工作场所团体）。它还将增加对历史上代表性不足的陪审员如何通过对陪审团表达情感来降低或提高其信誉的理解，并确保促进陪审团选择多样性的许多努力并不徒劳。