Collaborative Research: An Arctic Ocean Sea Surface pCO2 and pH Observing Network

合作研究：北冰洋海面 pCO2 和 pH 观测网络

• 批准号: 1107386
• 负责人: John Toole
• 金额: $ 15.26万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1107386&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Arctic; Ocean; Sea

The goal of the proposed study is to establish an Arctic Observing Network (AON) for sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and pH in the perennially ice-covered portion of the Arctic Ocean. The carbon cycle is of particular concern in the Arctic because it is unknown how carbon sources and sinks will change in response to warming and the reduction of summer sea ice cover, and whether these changes will lead to increased greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere. Furthermore, the penetration of anthropogenic CO2 into the Arctic Ocean is leading to acidification with potentially serious consequences for organisms. Little is known about pCO2 and the inorganic carbon cycle in the central Arctic Ocean because most measurement programs to date have focused on the Arctic shelves during the accessible summer period. The investigators propose to use an existing component of the Arctic Observing Network, the Ice-Tethered Profilers (ITP), as platforms for deployment of in situ pCO2 and pH sensors. ITPs are automated profiling systems distributed throughout the perennial Arctic ice pack that telemeter data back to shore: 44 ITPs have been deployed since 2004 and the project is currently slated to continue through 2013. In the proposed work, a total of 6 ITPs will be equipped with CO2 sensors and four of these will also have pH sensors. The sensors will be fixed on the ITP cable ~2-4 m below the ice. Each unit will include additional sensors for dissolved O2, salinity, and photosynthetically available radiation (and in some cases chlorophyll-a fluorescence) and will be capable of making 12 measurements per day for at least one year. These data, available in near real-time on the ITP web site (www.whoi.edu/itp/), will lead to a better understanding of the Arctic Ocean's role in regulating greenhouse gases and how the ecology of the Arctic will change with warming and acidification. The investigators will also engage in outreach programs including public presentations, podcasts, and school visits. A portion of the budget is also dedicated to the development of a climate-change/ocean acidification exhibit to be displayed in the University of Montana?s science museum. The exhibit will reside at the museum for three months, then visit over 15 rural and tribal communities annually over a three year period. Undergraduate students will be recruited to assist with the sensor testing and data analysis, gaining a higher level of technical knowledge than possible through a traditional degree program.

拟议的研究的目的是在北极海洋的长期覆盖部分中建立北极观测网络（AON），用于二氧化碳的海面部分压（PCO2）和pH。碳循环在北极特别关注，因为碳源和下沉量未知如何随着变暖和夏季海冰覆盖的减少而变化，以及这些变化是否会导致大气中的温室气体积累增加。此外，人为二氧化碳进入北极海洋的渗透正在导致酸化，并可能对生物产生严重的后果。关于中央北极海洋中PCO2和无机碳循环知之甚少，因为迄今为止，大多数测量计划都集中在北极货架上。调查人员建议将北极观测网络的现有组件，冰螺旋分子（ITP）作为部署原位PCO2和pH传感器的平台。 ITP是分布在多年生北极冰袋中的自动分析系统，这些系统远程遥控器数据回到岸上：自2004年以来已部署了44个ITP，目前将继续进行该项目，以持续到2013年。在拟议的工作中，总共6个ITP将配备CO2传感器，其中4个ITP将配备PH传感器。传感器将固定在ITP电缆〜2-4 m下方的冰下方。每个单元将包括用于溶解的O2，盐度和光合辐射的其他传感器（在某些情况下，在某些情况下叶绿素-A荧光），并且至少可以每天进行12次测量。这些数据在ITP网站（www.whoi.edu/itp/）上接近实时可用，将使人们更好地了解北极海洋在调节温室气体中的作用以及北极生态学在变暖和酸化方面的变化。调查人员还将参与外展计划，包括公开演讲，播客和学校访问。预算的一部分还致力于开发在蒙大拿大学科学博物馆展出的气候变化/海洋酸化展览。展览将在博物馆居住三个月，然后在三年内每年参观15个农村和部落社区。将招募本科生来协助传感器测试和数据分析，获得比传统学位课程更能获得更高水平的技术知识。