Structure of Mollusk Shells at Different Length-Scales

不同长度尺度的软体动物壳的结构

• 批准号: 1105167
• 负责人: Pupa Gilbert
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1105167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structure; Mollusk; Shells; Different; Length

ID: MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 1105167 PI: Gilbert, Pupa ORG: University of WisconsinTitle: Structure of mollusk shells at different length-scalesINTELLECTUAL MERIT: The complex structures of mollusk shells will be analyzed with unprecedented resolution, and on a large scale, using new spectromicroscopy methods developed with the previous NSF grant and which are now available to many other synchrotron users around the world. The mollusks produce a variety of mineralized shells that are presumably adapted to specific functions. The PI will study the processes leading to the formation of complex shell structures, and correlate these observations with the physical parameters (e.g. depth, pressure, temperature) of the environments in which the mollusks live. This will provide insights into the evolution of mollusk shells, how they adapted to different environments, and possibly provide new tools to for measurement of environmental parameters. Beyond this, a full understanding of how mollusk shells are constructed can serve as a guide for biomimetic manufacture of strong, tough composites.BROADER IMPACTS: The methods developed with the previous NSF grant have now been established, and are available to hundreds of other spectromicroscopy users around the world. The PI has also developed software to process the spectromicroscopy data, which is distributed free-of charge to the community on http://home.physics.wisc.edu/gilbert/. The experiments proposed here will yield detailed microcrystal and nanocrystal architectures and the formation mechanisms of tough biominerals, and may therefore inspire the engineering of new synthetic materials with improved performances for medical implants or micro-mechanical machines. One graduate and one undergraduate student per year will be involved in the proposed experiments. Women and underrepresented minority students will be actively recruited. Four major outreach activities will be performed, including: (1) Development of instructional modules on biomineralization within the framework of the Wisconsin Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching, and Learning (CIRTL). These will be actively disseminated through CIRTL for use by high school teachers and college educators for their own classes. (2) Presentations to about 3000 people/year from the general public at the UW-Madison Physics Fair. (3) The PI and her students will continue to provide lectures and lab experiments to African American students within the PEOPLE program every summer. (4) The PI has given and will continue to give invited talks at the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) annual meeting, during which she has and will disseminate teaching tools, modules, and slides to the teachers, to teach the fascination of biominerals to high school and college students.

ID：MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 1105167 PI：Gilbert, Pupa ORG：威斯康星大学标题：不同长度尺度软体动物壳的结构智力优点：软体动物壳的复杂结构将以前所未有的分辨率进行分析，并在大范围内进行分析。规模，使用新的光谱显微镜方法，该方法是由之前的 NSF 拨款开发的，现在可供许多其他同步加速器用户使用世界各地。 软体动物产生各种矿化贝壳，这些贝壳可能具有特定的功能。 PI 将研究导致复杂贝壳结构形成的过程，并将这些观察结果与软体动物生活环境的物理参数（例如深度、压力、温度）相关联。 这将深入了解软体动物壳的进化、它们如何适应不同的环境，并可能为测量环境参数提供新的工具。 除此之外，充分了解软体动物壳的构造方式可以为仿生制造坚固、坚韧的复合材料提供指导。 更广泛的影响：利用之前的 NSF 拨款开发的方法现已建立，并且可用于数百种其他光谱显微镜世界各地的用户。 PI 还开发了处理光谱显微镜数据的软件，该软件在 http://home.physicals.wisc.edu/gilbert/ 上免费分发给社区。 这里提出的实验将产生详细的微晶体和纳米晶体结构以及坚韧生物矿物的形成机制，因此可能会激发新型合成材料的工程设计，从而改善医疗植入物或微型机械的性能。 每年一名研究生和一名本科生将参与拟议的实验。 将积极招募女性和代表性不足的少数族裔学生。 将开展四项主要的外展活动，包括： (1) 在威斯康星州研究、教学和学习一体化中心 (CIRTL) 的框架内开发生物矿化教学模块。 这些内容将通过 CIRTL 积极传播，供高中教师和大学教育工作者在自己的课堂上使用。 (2) 每年在威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校物理博览会上向公众进行约 3000 人的演讲。 (3) PI和她的学生将继续每年夏天在PEOPLE项目中为非洲裔美国学生提供讲座和实验室实验。 (4) PI已并将继续在美国物理教师协会（AAPT）年会上做特邀演讲，期间她已经并将向老师们分发教学工具、模块和幻灯片，向老师们传授物理的魅力。高中生和大学生的生物矿物质。