Collaborative Research: ABI: Innovation: The Global Names Architecture, an infrastructure for unifying taxonomic databases and services for managers of biological information.

合作研究：ABI：创新：全球名称架构，一个为生物信息管理者统一分类数据库和服务的基础设施。

• 批准号: 1062387
• 负责人: David Patterson
• 金额: $ 104.46万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1062387&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ABI; Innovation; Global

The Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, MA), Bishop Museum (Honolulu), California Academy of Sciences (San Francisco), and Missouri Botanical Gardens (St Louis) have received an ABI innovation award to establish the Global Names Architecture (GNA), a modular suite of databases, applications, and semantic web services that will help integrate information across the Life Sciences. The project will extend existing proof of concept components, explore alternative solutions for technical challenges, and integrate the components into a pilot GNA. The GNA capitalizes on Linnaeus' system of Latin scientific names for organisms, a system that has endured as one of the oldest and most universal standards in science. Virtually all information in biology is given context by evolution and the hierarchical pattern of shared similarities it has produced. Scientists name species and change them with growing knowledge about their evolution and relationships. These changes create a tangled network of synonyms that, along with homonyms and variant spellings, make it difficult to manage information effectively The GNA will create a system that enables us to translate names correctly across the literature and on-line datasets. While the GNA has implications for the long-term management of information in the life sciences, the initial beneficiaries will be the more than 10,000 taxonomists worldwide, on whose expertise our understanding of the world's biodiversity rests. A scientific name 'usage bank' coupled with the Biodiversity Heritage Library's CiteBank will generate shared indexes and access keys to the taxonomic literature, the source of most of our knowledge about nearly 2 million species. New nomenclatural registries founded by the co-operation of the Index Fungorum and the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature's ZooBank will broadcast new discoveries as they are registered. Other tools will help taxonomists collaborate to build authoritative catalogs of the Earth?s biodiversity, then merge and integrate them, a process that GNA will transform into a semantic cyberinfrastructure that will organize the growing, internet-accessible, knowledge of Earth's biosphere. Ultimately, other NSF grantees in the life sciences should be able to augment their Data Management Plans by exposing their web sites to services that will create taxonomic indices. More information about this project can be obtained from http://globalnames.org or [e-mail].

海洋生物实验室（马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔）、毕夏普博物馆（檀香山）、加州科学院（旧金山）和密苏里植物园（圣路易斯）获得了 ABI 创新奖，以建立全球名称架构 (GNA)，数据库、应用程序和语义 Web 服务的模块化套件，有助于集成整个生命科学领域的信息。 该项目将扩展现有的概念验证组件，探索技术挑战的替代解决方案，并将这些组件集成到试点 GNA 中。 GNA 利用了林奈的有机体拉丁学名系统，该系统一直是最古老、最普遍的科学标准之一。 事实上，生物学中的所有信息都是由进化及其产生的共享相似性的层次模式赋予的背景。 科学家们随着对物种进化和关系的了解不断加深，为物种命名并改变它们。 这些变化造成了一个错综复杂的同义词网络，再加上同音异义词和变体拼写，使得有效管理信息变得困难。GNA 将创建一个系统，使我们能够在文献和在线数据集中正确翻译名称。 虽然 GNA 对生命科学信息的长期管理具有影响，但最初的受益者将是全世界 10,000 多名分类学家，我们对世界生物多样性的理解依赖于他们的专业知识。 学名“使用库”与生物多样性遗产图书馆的 CiteBank 相结合，将生成分类学文献的共享索引和访问密钥，分类学文献是我们关于近 200 万个物种的大部分知识的来源。由 Index Fungorum 和国际动物命名委员会的 ZooBank 合作建立的新命名登记处将在注册时公布新发现。 其他工具将帮助分类学家合作建立地球生物多样性的权威目录，然后将它们合并和整合，GNA 将把这一过程转变为语义网络基础设施，以组织不断增长的、可通过互联网访问的地球生物圈知识。 最终，生命科学领域的其他 NSF 受资助者应该能够通过将其网站暴露给创建分类索引的服务来增强其数据管理计划。 有关该项目的更多信息可以从 http://globalnames.org 或 [e-mail] 获取。