Doping and Morphological Control at the Semiconductor-Electrode Interface in Organic Solar Cells

有机太阳能电池半导体-电极界面的掺杂和形态控制

• 批准号: 1067470
• 负责人: Enrique Gomez
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1067470&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doping; Morphological; Control; Semiconductor; Electrode

Institution: Pennsylvania State Univ University ParkTitle: Doping and Morphological Control at the Semiconductor-Electrode Interface in Organic Solar CellsIntellectual MeritOrganic polymer-based photovoltaic (OPV) cells are a potentially low-cost sunlight-to-electricity conversion technology with unique advantages compared to other solar cell technologies, such as flexibility, light weight, and facile processing. However, OPV devices suffer from low solar energy conversion efficiency and still face many technical challenges. For example, OPV devices suffer from resistive losses at the semiconductor-electrode interface. Building organic solar cells with ohmic contacts ? where the interface is non-rectifying with negligible resistive losses ? has the potential for improved fill factors, short-circuit currents, and perhaps higher open-circuit voltages, all of which have the potential to increase the efficiency of organic photovoltaics toward their theoretical limit of 15%. Current contact methodologies for organic photovoltaics rely on tuning the work function of the electrodes to match the transport energy levels of the electron donors and acceptors which make up the photoactive layer. In contrast, inorganic devices rely on site-specific doping of the semiconductor near the electrode interface to promote tunneling through the charge extraction barrier by reducing the barrier width. The proposed research will engineer organic semiconductor-electrode interfaces in organic solar cells, focusing specifically on developing a methodology analogous to site-specific doping in inorganic semiconductors by covalently linking macromolecular dopants at sub-monolayer coverage to electrode surfaces.The proposed research will synthesize p-type and n-type semiconducting polymers that can anchor to electrode materials. Though this approach, it is hypothesized that the electrical properties of organic semiconductors near the cathode and anode can be tuned to promote efficient charge extraction and explore the consequences of building ohmic contacts on solar cell device performance. By tuning the molecular structure of polymer dopants, the wetting behavior of organic semiconductors on electrode surfaces can be also controlled to control polymer phase aggregation and hence prevent shunt paths and promote further charge extraction. It is proposed that the localization of dopants at the electrode contacts may become a widely-applicable strategy for the minimization of losses at the semiconductor-electrode interface of organic solar cells.Broader ImpactsThe proposal education and outreach activities seek to launch a new initiative at Pennsylvania State University entitled ?Sunlight, Energy, Polymers? (Sun-E-Poly), which will serve as a nucleation point for current and future efforts in research, education, and outreach centered on OPV across campus. Undergraduate students, women, and under-represented minorities will be integrally involved in the proposed research activities through the current Penn State Soft Materials and Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion NSF Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) site programs.

Institution: Pennsylvania State Univ University ParkTitle: Doping and Morphological Control at the Semiconductor-Electrode Interface in Organic Solar CellsIntellectual MeritOrganic polymer-based photovoltaic (OPV) cells are a potentially low-cost sunlight-to-electricity conversion technology with unique advantages compared to other solar cell technologies, such as flexibility, light weight, and facile processing. 但是，OPV设备的太阳能转化效率低，仍然面临许多技术挑战。 例如，OPV设备在半导体 - 电极界面处遭受电阻损失。 建立具有欧姆接触的有机太阳能电池？界面在何处没有可忽略的电阻损失？有可能提高填充因子，短路电流以及更高的开路电压的潜力，所有这些电压都有可能提高有机光伏效率的理论极限15％。 当前的有机光伏方法的当前接触方法依赖于调整电极的功能，以匹配组成光活性层的电子供体和受体的传输水平。 相反，无机设备依赖于在电极界面附近的半导体的位点特异性掺杂，以通过减少屏障宽度来通过电荷提取屏障来促进隧道。 拟议的研究将在有机太阳能电池中设计有机物半导体 - 电极界面，专门用于开发一种方法，类似于无机半导体中的位点特异性掺杂，通过将大分子覆盖物的大分子覆盖物连接到拟议的研究中。可以锚定在电极材料的聚合物。 尽管这种方法可以假设，可以调节阴极和阳极附近的有机半导体的电性能，以促进有效的电荷提取，并探索构建欧姆触点对太阳能电池设备性能的后果。 通过调整聚合物掺杂剂的分子结构，还可以控制有机半导体在电极表面上的润湿行为，以控制聚合物相聚集，从而防止分流路径并促进进一步的电荷提取。 有人建议，在电极触点处将掺杂剂的定位成为有机太阳能电池的半导体 - 电极界面上损失的广泛策略。 （sun-e-poly），这将成为以OPV为中心在整个校园内的研究，教育和推广方面的当前和未来努力的成核点。 本科生，妇女和代表性不足的少数群体将通过当前的宾夕法尼亚州软材料以及化学能源存储和化学能源存储和转换NSF研究经验（REU）现场计划来参与拟议的研究活动。