Collaborative Research: Experimental Macroecology: Effects of Temperature on Biodiversity

合作研究：实验宏观生态学：温度对生物多样性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1065861
负责人：
Brian Enquist
金额：
$ 70万
依托单位：
University of Arizona
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-08-01 至 2015-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1065861&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Experimental Macroecology Effects

项目摘要

The increased diversity of living organisms from the poles to the tropics is one of the most pronounced features of life on Earth. But it still lacks an explanation. One universal feature of this relationship, as seen across the land, oceans, lakes and rivers, is that hotter environments have more organisms of all kinds: animals, plants, and microbes. In this study, a big picture, or macroecological, approach will be used to study the effect of temperature on biodiversity. It will generate mathematical models for how temperature, through its effect on chemical and biological processes, affects ecological interactions and patterns of biodiversity. The models will be tested on three kinds of organisms that play key roles in forests: trees that produce leaves, small animals that eat decaying leaves and other material from plants, and microbes that consume whatever remains. Standardized field surveys along a gradient of increasing temperature from a high-elevation conifer forest in Colorado to a tropical rainforest in Panama will be combined with controlled experiments in the field and laboratory to document changes in genetic diversity, functional diversity and ecological processes.The proposed research will predict impacts of global climate change on biodiversity and ecological processes, topics of major concern to policymakers and society. The project will also train a new generation of undergraduates, doctoral students, and postdoctoral scientists in the new multi-disciplinary, multi-investigator, collaborative research needed to address the challenging environmental problems that societies face.

从极点到热带地区，生物体的多样性增加是地球生命中最明显的特征之一。但这仍然缺乏解释。这种关系的一个普遍特征，如在整个陆地，海洋，湖泊和河流中所见，较热的环境具有更多的生物：动物，植物和微生物。在这项研究中，将使用全局或宏观生态学方法来研究温度对生物多样性的影响。它将通过温度对化学和生物学过程的影响产生数学模型，影响生态相互作用和生物多样性的模式。这些模型将对在森林中起关键作用的三种生物进行测试：产生叶子的树木，吃腐烂的叶子的小动物和植物中的其他材料，以及消耗剩下的剩余的微生物。沿沿着科罗拉多州的高海拔针叶树林升高到巴拿马的热带雨林的梯度梯度的标准化现场调查将与现场和实验室的受控实验相结合，以记录遗传多样性，功能多样性和生态过程的变化。提议的研究将预测全球气候变化对生物群体和生物学过程的影响，重要的是对生物学和生态学的影响。该项目还将培训新一代的本科生，博士生和博士后科学家，以解决社会面临的具有挑战性的环境问题所需的新的多学科，多研究者的协作研究。