Transport of engineered inorganic nanoparticles (EINP) through soil

工程无机纳米颗粒 (EINP) 通过土壤的运输

• 批准号: 200690523
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hans-Jörg Vogel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Bodensystemforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/200690523?language=en
• 关键词: Transport; engineered; inorganic; nanoparticles; EINP

We will explore the mechanisms of EINP transport in soil under unsaturated conditions. The ultimate goal is to predict their mobility in the subsurface based on soil properties particle characteristics and flow conditions. There is experimental evidence (first project phase) that the mobility of EINP exhibit a highly non-linear behavior in the state space defined by solution chemistry, average water content and particle properties including various coatings. The role of different interfaces (water-solid and water-air) is known to be critical but yet unclear. We will conduct column experiments at the mm-scale of single grains and micro-aggregates. The structure of water-solid and water-air interfaces for various unsaturated flow conditions will be quantified using a new nano-X-ray-CT system (UFZ). The affinity of EINP to these interfaces will be studied in separate experiments. This information will be used to model EINP transport at the scale of soil horizons based on classical filtration theory extended by a model component describing the interaction of EINP to water-air interfaces and the retention by particle straining during unsaturated flow. Moreover, remobilization of EINP in changing flow fields will be considered. All model parameters will be obtained form independent measurements without calibration. A set of transport experiments will be performed for different particles, different material structures and different flow rates. This will provide a substantial data set to explore the predictive potential of our approach.We will use metallic and oxidized particles of various types (Ag, Au, Ag2S and TiO2) with different coatings and aging status. All EINP will be provided by the project partners. After the transport experiments, EINP will also be characterized in terms of size, aggregation status and surface properties in the outflow and in the retained fractions within soil. This is done in cooperation with project partners and will provide valuable insight into the relation between particle properties and retention mechanisms, which eventually will help to improve the model parameterization.

我们将探索非饱和条件下 EINP 在土壤中的传输机制。最终目标是根据土壤特性、颗粒特征和流动条件来预测它们在地下的流动性。有实验证据（项目第一阶段）表明，EINP 的迁移率在由溶液化学、平均含水量和颗粒特性（包括各种涂层）定义的状态空间中表现出高度非线性行为。众所周知，不同界面（水-固体和水-空气）的作用至关重要，但尚不清楚。我们将进行毫米级的单颗粒和微聚集体的柱实验。各种不饱和流动条件下的水-固体和水-空气界面的结构将使用新的纳米 X 射线 CT 系统 (UFZ) 进行量化。 EINP 对这些界面的亲和力将在单独的实验中研究。该信息将用于基于经典过滤理论，对土壤层范围内的 EINP 输运进行建模，该理论通过描述 EINP 与水-空气界面的相互作用以及非饱和流期间颗粒应变的保留的模型组件进行扩展。此外，还将考虑在变化的流场中重新动员 EINP。所有模型参数均通过独立测量获得，无需校准。将对不同颗粒、不同材料结构和不同流速进行一组输运实验。这将为探索我们方法的预测潜力提供大量数据集。我们将使用具有不同涂层和老化状态的各种类型的金属和氧化颗粒（Ag、Au、Ag2S 和 TiO2）。所有EINP将由项目合作伙伴提供。传输实验结束后，EINP 还将在流出物和土壤内保留部分的尺寸、聚集状态和表面特性方面进行表征。这是与项目合作伙伴合作完成的，将为颗粒特性和保留机制之间的关系提供有价值的见解，最终将有助于改进模型参数化。