CAREER: Dynamic Phenomena in Complex Oxides During Electrochemical Processes

职业：电化学过程中复杂氧化物的动态现象

• 批准号: 1057170
• 负责人: Ying Meng
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1057170&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Dynamic; Phenomena; Complex; Oxides

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Energy storage is the enabling key to the environmentally-friendly transportation and the economic deployment of renewable energy sources. All electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials function as 'living' systems (batteries, pseudocapacitors and fuel cells), within which electrons and ions are moving during charge and discharge. These electronic and ionic motions often trigger defect generation and phase transformations, and consequently result in significant changes in energy density and rate capability of the materials. Establishing the fundamental basis for these dynamical mechanisms during electrochemical processes will accelerate the creation of new synthetic materials with superior energy storage and conversion properties. TECHNICAL DETAILS: This research targets the systematic synthesis, structural characterization and properties evaluation of a series of transition metal oxides xA2MnO3(1-x)Ay(NiMn)O2 (A=Li+, Na+ the mobile species) that are capable of storing energy reversibly. These oxides have intriguing and complex features including nanometer-scale phase separation upon cycling and dynamic cation redistribution at various state of charge, that significantly affect the mobility of the guest species. The reduction-oxidation processes that occur upon releasing the guest species, not only may alter the cation distributions, but also modify the solid-solid interfaces within the material, which are critical to the transport properties as well as the structural stability of the electrodes. The developed framework can be applied as the basis for controlling the dynamic phenomena in solid-state materials for energy storage; such knowledge is critical and transformational to design and develop new materials that will allow higher and faster energy storage and longer lifetime in electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. The broader impacts of this grant are integrated with the research objectives. The PI's education efforts include a). Vertically integrating precollegiate, undergraduate and graduate education and training through tools, practical examples and hands-on laboratory experiences b). Fostering a strong awareness and appreciation for diversity of cultural and educational backgrounds and experience and research approaches among the students to directly impact the diversity on UCSD campus, and c). Engaging in teaching and research in an international science and engineering environment, including organizing an annual international workshop and research-focused exchange program.

非技术描述：能源存储是环保运输和可再生能源的经济部署的启示。所有电化学能源的存储和转换材料都充当“生命”系统（电池，伪电容器和燃料电池），在该系统中，电子和离子在充电和放电期间正在移动。这些电子和离子运动通常会触发缺陷的产生和相变，从而导致材料的能量密度和速率能力的显着变化。在电化学过程中建立这些动力学机制的基本基础将加速使用具有出色的能量存储和转换特性的新合成材料的创建。技术细节：本研究针对的是能够可逆地存储能量的一系列系统合成，结构表征和性质评估XA2MNO3（1-X）AY（NIMN）O2（a = li+，Na+移动物种）。这些氧化物具有有趣且复杂的特征，包括循环和动态阳离子在各种电荷状态下的动态阳离子重新分布，这显着影响客人物种的迁移率。释放客人物种时发生的还原氧化过程，不仅可能改变阳离子分布，而且还会改变材料内的固体固定界面，这对于运输特性以及电极的结构稳定性至关重要。可以将开发的框架作为控制固态材料中的动态现象的基础；这种知识对于设计和开发新材料是至关重要的和变革性的，这些材料将允许在电化学能源存储和转换系统中更高，更快的储能和更长的寿命。这笔赠款的更广泛影响与研究目标集成在一起。 PI的教育工作包括a）。通过工具，实际例子和动手实验室经验垂直整合学士学，本科和研究生教育以及培训b）。对学生的文化和教育背景的多样性以及学生之间的多样性以及对UCSD校园多样性的影响以及C）的深入认识和欣赏。在国际科学和工程环境中从事教学和研究，包括组织年度国际研讨会和以研究为中心的交流计划。