The evolution of development of flowering plant reproductive cycles

开花植物生殖周期发育的演变

• 批准号: 1052291
• 负责人: Joseph Williams
• 金额: $ 40.3万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1052291&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: evolution; development; flowering; plant; reproductive

The great lability of their reproductive systems is central to the adaptability and rapid diversification of the flowering plants. With the origin of the group, ovules (future seeds) became enclosed within female tissues, necessitating a new site of pollen reception (the stigma) far removed from the site of fertilization (the egg). A critical innovation enabling this stigma-egg dissociation was the origin of a new pollen tube growth pattern in which sperm could be carried to the egg rapidly and through novel maternal tissues. The primary goal of this project is to understand the relationship between the evolution of pollen tube growth rates and reproductive cycles. The outcomes will bear on our understanding of ancient pollen-pistil interactions and floral biology, the focus of a great number of studies on more recently-evolved model and crop systems.The project will involve detailed and comprehensive quantitative characterizations of early and late pollen tube development in four angiosperm taxa that span the deepest divergences among extant angiosperms using in vivo and in vitro field and lab experiments. The goal is to identify underlying developmental causes of variation in pollen tube growth rates. These fine-scale mechanistic studies will be accompanied by broad-scale comparative analyses probing the relationship between pollen development and important ecological traits, such as the speed of reproduction, floral sizes and longevity, and vegetative metabolic rates.The PI has developed a synergistic teaching program in plant development and evolution that will provide graduate students with a focused intellectual environment. Training for a postdoctoral researcher and multiple undergraduate students is included. The project also features international collaborations, outreach, and teaching. The project bridges conceptual disciplines: the PI serves as a liaison between two NSF Research Coordination Networks, and is a founding board member of the Tennessee Plant Research Center. Outreach activities include public lectures and news media interviews.

它们的生殖系统的巨大不稳定对于开花植物的适应性和快速多样化至关重要。随着该组的起源，胚珠（未来种子）被封闭在女性组织中，因此需要一个新的花粉接收部位（污名）（污名）远离施肥部位（鸡蛋）。实现这种污名 - 卵形分离的关键创新是一种新的花粉管生长模式的起源，可以快速将精子携带到鸡蛋上，并通过新颖的母体组织。该项目的主要目标是了解花粉管生长速率的演变与生殖周期之间的关系。 The outcomes will bear on our understanding of ancient pollen-pistil interactions and floral biology, the focus of a great number of studies on more recently-evolved model and crop systems.The project will involve detailed and comprehensive quantitative characterizations of early and late pollen tube development in four angiosperm taxa that span the deepest divergences among extant angiosperms using in vivo and in vitro field and lab experiments.目的是确定花粉管生长速率变化的潜在发展原因。这些精细的机理研究将伴随着广泛的比较分析，以探测花粉发育与重要的生态特征之间的关系，例如繁殖速度，花卉大小和寿命速度以及植被代谢率。PI在植物开发和进化中开发了一种协同的教学计划，该计划在植物开发和进化方面提供了培养化的学生，可以为众所周知的环境提供研究。包括对博士后研究人员和多名本科生的培训。该项目还具有国际合作，外展和教学。该项目介绍了概念学科：PI是两个NSF研究协调网络之间的联络，并且是田纳西州植物研究中心的创始委员会成员。外展活动包括公开讲座和新闻媒体采访。