CAREER: Influences of plant traits on wood decomposition rates across scales: From fungal microbe communities to carbon turnover

职业：植物性状对不同尺度木材分解率的影响：从真菌微生物群落到碳周转

• 批准号: 1051119
• 负责人: Amy Zanne
• 金额: $ 78.01万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Saint Louis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1051119&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Influences; plant; traits; wood

Forest systems contain approximately half of the carbon held on the planet. Much of this forest carbon is locked up in woody stems either in living plants or as dead wood fallen on the ground. The rate that carbon is released from wood back into the atmosphere has large implications for global climate change. Climate also influences both decomposition rates of wood and forest tree mortality. Variation in how wood is chemically and physically constructed by trees regulates each of these relationships. This project is part of a long-term career goal to determine the influence of plant anatomy, chemistry, and functional traits, e.g., density of wood, height of trees, on rates of wood decomposition. This project focuses on temperate forests of the Ozark Highlands, MO, USA, one of the largest forested ecosystems between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. The project is developed around three interrelated themes. Variation in tree traits will be related to variation in decomposition rates, this variation will be linked to changes in the fungal community (the predominant cause of wood decomposition and thus carbon release from wood), and variation in decomposition rates will be scaled up to variation in carbon release across the landscape. The three themes will be linked together to explore possible management implications. The University of Missouri - St. Louis, which has a predominantly metropolitan student body, lacks any field courses in its undergraduate biology curriculum. As part of this project researchers will develop an undergraduate research course, focusing on the diversity of ecological interactions among plants, fungi, insects and other taxa, and human impacts on these taxa. This course will have field and laboratory components and will bring students into contact with local naturalists and the biodiversity of the region.

森林系统大约包含在地球上持有的碳的一半。这种森林碳的大部分被锁在木质茎中，要么是在生物植物中，要么死木落在地上。碳从木头释放到大气的速度对全球气候变化具有很大的影响。气候还影响木材的分解速率和森林树死亡率。树木在化学和物理建造的方式中的变化都调节了这些关系中的每一个。该项目是确定植物解剖学，化学和功能性状的影响，例如木材密度，树木高度，对木材分解速率的影响的长期职业目标的一部分。 该项目着重于美国密苏里州奥扎克高地的温带森林，这是洛矶山脉和阿巴拉契亚山之间最大的森林生态系统之一。该项目围绕三个相互关联的主题开发。 树木特征的变化将与分解速率的变化有关，这种变化将与真菌群落的变化有关（木材分解的主要原因，从而从木材中释放碳），分解速率的变化将扩展到整个景观中碳释放的变化。这三个主题将链接在一起以探索可能的管理影响。密苏里大学（University of Missouri） - 圣路易斯（St. Louis），主要是大都会学生团体，缺少其本科生物学课程中的任何实地课程。 作为该项目的一部分，研究人员将开发一项本科研究课程，重点关注植物，真菌，昆虫和其他分类单元之间的生态相互作用的多样性，以及对这些分类单元的影响。 本课程将具有现场和实验室组件，并将使学生与当地博物学家和该地区的生物多样性接触。