Workshop Support: An EarthScope Institute on the Spectrum of Fault Slip Behaviors

研讨会支持：EarthScope 断层滑动行为谱研究所

• 批准号: 1041872
• 负责人: Anne Tréhu
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1041872&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Support; EarthScope; Institute; Spectrum

Recent studies using data from the EarthScope Facility as well as other national and international sources show that tectonic faults exhibit a broad spectrum of slip behaviors ranging from creep to earthquakes, including several phenomena that were unknown as recently as 10 years ago. Transient fault slip (TFS) includes slow and silent earthquakes, episodic tremor and slip, creep events, low frequency earthquakes, tsunamigenic earthquakes, and postseismic fault afterslip. There appears to be a continuous spectrum of slip modes ranging from aseismic creep to earthquakes. These observations challenge the standard view of brittle faulting that has existed for the past 40 years, in which frictional slip occurs in one of only two modes: stick-slip or stable creep. Although modern friction constitutive laws predict that fault slip will exhibit a range of transient behaviors, the underlying processes are poorly understood and key constitutive parameters are poorly constrained. Moreover, existing frictional models require special conditions to produce self-sustained modes of slow slip, and phenomena such as tremor are not well described, which may indicate that additional processes are needed in the models. A workshop on TSF and related phenomena for ~100 researchers, including post-docs, students and faculty, is being held on October 11-14, 2010, in Portland OR. The primary goals of the workshop are to: 1) provide intellectual leadership and foster critical thinking about the underlying mechanisms and physical processes responsible for TFS, 2) promote broad, community-based interest in understanding TFS, 3) seed collaborations between observational, theoretical and laboratory-based research programs, 4) discuss novel approaches for identifying new fault slip phenomena and new tectonic settings that may host transient strain release, and 5) initiate a continuing web-based virtual "institute" dedicated to TFS.The workshop and virtual institute foster education and communication across disciplines ranging from geodesy and seismology to rock mechanics, petrology, hydrogeology, tectonics, and geodynamics and provide an opportunity for young researchers to broaden their understanding and become involved in research on a high-profile problem. Focused study of TFS should elucidate the potential role of slow and transient slip on earthquake triggering and seismic hazard assessment.

最近使用来自Earthscope设施的数据以及其他国家和国际来源的研究表明，构造断层表现出从蠕变到地震的广泛的滑移行为，其中包括10年前几个未知的现象。瞬态断层滑移（TFS）包括缓慢而无声的地震，情节震颤和滑移，蠕变事件，低频地震，海啸地震和后旋转后的断层断层。 似乎有连续的滑动模式，从无性蠕变到地震。 这些观察结果挑战了过去40年中存在的脆性断层的标准视图，其中仅以两种模式之一出现摩擦滑移：粘打滑或稳定的蠕变。尽管现代摩擦本构定律预测断层滑移将表现出一系列瞬态行为，但基础过程的理解很少，关键的本构参数受到限制不佳。此外，现有的摩擦模型需要特殊条件来产生自我维持的缓慢滑移模式，并且诸如震颤之类的现象无法很好地描述，这可能表明模型中需要其他过程。 2010年10月11日至14日在波特兰或波特兰举行了约100名研究人员的TSF和相关现象研讨会。研讨会的主要目标是：1）提供智力领导力并培养有关负责TFS的基本机制和物理过程的批判性思考，2）促进广泛的，基于社区的兴趣，对理解TFS的兴趣，3）观察性，理论和实验室基于理论和实验室的研究计划之间的种子协作，4）讨论新的缺陷型和新的缺陷式释放，以识别新的缺陷式释放，以识别新的缺陷型设置，以识别新的缺陷型设置，以固定新的缺陷式设置，以实现新的缺陷式设置，以供您进行新的缺陷式设置，并构成新的缺陷式设置，专门致力于TF的“研究所”。跨学科的研讨会和虚拟研究所促进了教育和交流，从地球和地震学到摇滚力学，岩石学，水文学，构造学和地球动力学，并为年轻研究人员提供了扩大知识并参与对高理想问题的研究的机会。对TF的重点研究应阐明缓慢和短暂滑移在地震触发和地震危害评估中的潜在作用。