RAPID: Supporting Haitian Infrastructure Reconstruction Decisions with Local Knowledge

RAPID：利用当地知识支持海地基础设施重建决策

• 批准号: 1032184
• 负责人: Franco Montalto
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-15 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1032184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Supporting; Haitian; Infrastructure; Reconstruction

In the wake of the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti, the objective of this RAPID proposal is to test the hypothesis that infrastructure rehabilitation priorities based on local knowledge elicited through stakeholder driven processes will differ fundamentally from those developed by technical experts based outside the impacted area. In the recent literature, Easterly (2007), for example, contrasts the "planner's" approach to development aid with that of the "searcher." While "planners" make decisions about how to apply development aid assuming that they already know the answers, "searchers" admit not knowing the answer up front, and exert much effort to seek innovative solutions based on a detailed assessment of local opportunities and constraints based on close interaction with local population. To test the hypothesis, the research will focus on water and sanitation issues in Leogane, a town of approximately 40,000 people located about 30 km to the west of the capital and very near the quake's epicenter. The findings are anticipated to have implications on many imminent decisions regarding Haitian reconstruction efforts as well as for the development of new multifunctional infrastructure strategies throughout the world. The co-PIs include a social scientist who is an expert in Haitian culture, politics, and history. The other three PI/co-PIs are engineers who are expert in water infrastructure. All have international experience in developing countries, and all have French language skills. Two consultants on the team are Haitian nationals and Leogane natives with intimate knowledge of the City and fluency in Kreyol. The effort integrates education and outreach into the research plan, and will contribute critical information to the Haitian reconstruction effort. Participants in a local Leogane Stakeholder Committee will partake in cross-cutting discussions about key infrastructure issues, which will enable them to more actively participate in local infrastructure decision making. Two Drexel graduate students will incorporate the results of the field findings and elicitation exercises into their thesis work. The results of the research will be disseminated at an upcoming special NSF sponsored workshop on Haiti, and will be presented at conferences and submitted for publication in peer reviewed journals. In addition, arrangements have been made for liaison with USAID and CDC. Results will be used to create new Engineers Without Borders (EWB) projects.This award is urgent because of the rapid pace at which decisions about how to invest hundreds of millions of dollars of post quake development Haiti aid are being made. IRB review and approval has been received for this award. The proposing team has made specific arrangements for transportation, housing, food, and water in Haiti.This award is co-funded by NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering, Americas Program.Bruce Hamilton3/11/10

在2010年1月12日在海地地震发生后，这一迅速提议的目的是检验以下假设：基础设施康复的优先级是基于通过利益相关者驱动的流程引起的本地知识的优先级，将与基于受影响区域以外的技术专家开发的基础知识从根本上有所不同。 例如，在最近的文献中，《东方》（Easterly，2007年）将“策划者的开发方法与“搜索者”的发展方法进行了对比。 尽管“计划者”决定如何应用发展援助，但假设他们已经知道答案，但“搜索者”承认不知道答案，并根据与当地人群的紧密互动的详细评估进行了详细评估，以详细评估当地机会和约束来寻求创新的解决方案。 为了检验该假设，该研究将重点放在Leogane的水和卫生问题上，Leogane是一个约40,000人的城镇，位于首都西部约30公里，非常靠近地震的震中。 预计这些发现将对有关海地重建工作以及全球新的多功能基础设施策略的发展以及制定新的多功能基础设施策略产生影响。 Co-Pis包括一位社会科学家，他是海地文化，政治和历史专家。其他三个PI/Co-Pis是水基础设施专家的工程师。所有人在发展中国家都有国际经验，并且都具有法语能力。 该团队的两名顾问是海地国民和leogane本地人，对城市有深入的了解和克雷尔的流利性。 这项工作将教育和宣传纳入研究计划，并将为海地重建工作提供关键信息。 当地的Leogane利益相关者委员会的参与者将参加有关关键基础设施问题的横切讨论，这将使他们能够更积极地参与当地的基础设施决策。 两名Drexel研究生将将现场发现和启发练习的结果纳入其论文工作。 这项研究的结果将在即将举行的有关海地的特殊NSF赞助的特殊发起的研讨会上传播，并将在会议上介绍，并在同行评审的期刊上提交出版。 此外，已经安排了与美国国际开发署和CDC联络的安排。 结果将用于创建无国界的新工程师（EWB）项目。这项奖项紧急，因为关于如何投资数亿美元的地震后海地援助的决定的迅速速度。 IRB审查和批准已获得该奖项。 提议团队已经为海地的运输，住房，食品和水做出了具体安排。该奖项由美国国家机构国际科学与工程办公室共同资助，美洲计划。