Urban Form and Energy Use Explored Through Dynamic Networked Infrastructure Model

通过动态网络基础设施模型探索城市形态和能源使用

• 批准号: 1031690
• 负责人: Eric Williams
• 金额: $ 35.02万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1031690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Urban; Form; Energy; Use; Explored

This project aims to enhance our understanding of the energy implications of urban form by connecting transport with the use of different types of buildings resulting from that transport. Urban form is intertwined with energy use and carbon emissions. Energy use per person in dense mega-cities, where residents live in apartment buildings and use public transportation, tends to be much smaller compared with urban sprawl areas, where residents live in detached houses and drive long distances. The division of urban areas into residential, commercial and industrial spaces also affects energy use. More energy is needed when homes, work places and shopping areas are separated as opposed to closer. One can think of the energy use of a given workplace or store as a network defined by how users of the building are coming from different areas. This networked energy model is developed for the Phoenix metropolitan area and also tracks how transport and building use changes over time as a community evolves. The results of this project will help urban planners understand how to design more energy efficient and livable communities. For example, mixing residential, shopping and work areas can shorten driving distances, saving fuel and time. Even in an urban sprawl model, distributing home and shopping areas near one another can make walking and biking an attractive alternative for some trips. To make the results of the project usable and known to a broader group of stakeholders, a visualization tool is developed and integrated with educational and networking activities reaching urban planners.

该项目旨在通过将运输与使用由该运输产生的不同类型的建筑物联系起来，从而增强我们对城市形式的能源影响的理解。城市形式与能源使用和碳排放交织在一起。与城市蔓延区相比，居民居住在公寓楼中并使用公共交通工具的居民居住在公寓楼中并使用公共交通工具的人均能源使用量往往要小得多，而城市蔓延区则居住在独立的房屋中并驾驶长途跋涉。城市地区分为住宅，商业和工业空间也会影响能源使用。当房屋，工作场所和购物区分开而不是近距离时，需要更多的能量。可以将特定工作场所或存储的能源使用视为建筑物用户来自不同领域的方式定义的网络。该网络能源模型是为凤凰城都会区开发的，还跟踪随着时间的推移，随着时间的推移，运输和建筑物的使用如何变化。该项目的结果将帮助城市规划人员了解如何设计更节能和宜居的社区。例如，混合住宅，购物和工作区可以缩短驾驶距离，节省燃料和时间。即使在城市蔓延的模型中，彼此分发的房屋和购物区也可以使步行和骑自行车成为某些旅行的有吸引力的替代品。为了使该项目的结果可用，并为一个更广泛的利益相关者所知，可视化工具与到达城市规划师的教育和网络活动开发并集成在一起。