Collaborative Research: Aerosol concentrations, sources, and transport pathways within the Arctic polar dome during recent millennia

合作研究：近千年来北极穹顶内的气溶胶浓度、来源和传输路径

• 批准号: 1023387
• 负责人: Mark Flanner
• 金额: $ 18.52万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023387&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Aerosol; concentrations; sources

The role of aerosols in climate forcing is significant but poorly understood. The primary goals of this project are to (1) develop unique high-time-resolution, millennial-scale records of biomass burning, dust, volcanic, industrial pollution, and sea salt aerosols for two ice core sites inside the Arctic polar dome and (2) use new and leveraged general circulation models (GCM) and other modeling to interpret these and similar ice core records from outside the polar dome to better understand source regions and transport pathways of aerosols to different regions of the Arctic and their climatic and environmental impacts. Measurements of 35 elemental and chemical components of these aerosols will be made at high depth resolution (50 measurements per year) in archived ice cores from two lower elevation sites on opposite sides of the Arctic: a 430 m core collected by the University of Copenhagen in 2006 from Flade Isblink ice cap in far northeastern Greenland and a 724 m core collected by the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) in 1999 to 2001 from Akademii Nauk ice cap in the Russian Arctic. The measurements build on recently published findings from similar analyses in shallower ice cores. Flade Isblink will provide a 3500 year record of aerosols in the lower troposphere in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean -- a region particularly sensitive to changes in Arctic sea ice -- while Akademii Nauk will provide a 3000 year record of past aerosols in northern Eurasia, as well as dust and pollutants from eastern Asia. By extending instrumental records to recent centuries and millennia, this new generation of ice core records, coupled with model simulations, will transform understanding of recent and late Holocene changes in hemispheric atmospheric circulation, aerosol transport across the polar front, and feedbacks between climate and aerosols.

气溶胶在气候强迫中的作用很重要，但人们对此知之甚少。该项目的主要目标是（1）为北极穹顶内的两个冰芯地点开发独特的高分辨率、千年尺度的生物质燃烧、灰尘、火山、工业污染和海盐气溶胶记录，以及（ 2）使用新的杠杆大气环流模型（GCM）和其他模型来解释这些记录以及极地穹顶之外的类似冰芯记录，以更好地了解气溶胶的来源区域和气溶胶到北极不同区域的传输路径及其气候和环境影响。这些气溶胶的 35 种元素和化学成分将以高深度分辨率（每年 50 次测量）在北极两侧两个较低海拔地点的存档冰芯中进行测量：哥本哈根大学在2006 年来自格陵兰岛东北部的 Flade Isblink 冰盖和阿尔弗雷德·韦格纳研究所 (AWI) 于 1999 年收集的 724 m 冰芯2001 年，俄罗斯北极 Akademii Nauk 冰盖。这些测量建立在最近发表的对浅冰芯进行类似分析的结果的基础上。 Flade Isblink 将提供北冰洋北大西洋地区对流层低层气溶胶 3500 年的记录（该地区对北极海冰的变化特别敏感），而 Akademii Nauk 将提供过去 3000 年气溶胶的记录欧亚大陆北部，以及来自东亚的灰尘和污染物。通过将仪器记录扩展到近几个世纪和几千年，新一代的冰芯记录与模型模拟相结合，将改变对近代和晚全新世半球大气环流变化、极地锋面气溶胶输送以及气候与气溶胶之间反馈的理解。