Collaborative Research: Interhemispheric linkages of Late Pleistocene climate change in the circum-Pacific region

合作研究：环太平洋地区晚更新世气候变化的半球间联系

• 批准号: 1024850
• 负责人: Glenn Thackray
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Idaho State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1024850&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interhemispheric; linkages; Late

This project will investigate past climates in the circum-Pacific region. Specifically, the project will evaluate hypothesized linkages between Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere climatic processes during the last glaciation, 100,000 to 10,000 years ago. Scientists have long recognized that Northern Hemisphere cooling and warming influence Southern Hemisphere climate, particularly in determining the broad patterns of glacial-interglacial cycles. Conversely, Southern Hemisphere climatic processes have only rarely been invoked as influences on Northern Hemisphere climate. Initial evidence shows apparent correlations in the timing of mountain glacier fluctuations in New Zealand, southern South America, the northwestern United States, and possibly other regions of the circum-Pacific. Those fluctuations occur during minima in Southern Hemisphere solar energy cycles, suggesting that Southern Hemisphere cooling is transmitted through both hemispheres in the Pacific region. This project will investigate glacial sediments and fossil insects in New Zealand and the northwestern US to test that hypothesis. The processes of mountain glaciation in both areas will be determined through detailed evaluation of glacial sediment sequences. The timing of the glacier fluctuations will be determined through optically-stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating of sand grains in the sediments, as well as crystal damage from ambient geological radiation, and on radiocarbon dating of organic sediments. Because glaciers fluctuate in response to both temperature and precipitation changes, the project will utilize fossil chironomids (non-biting midges)preserved in adjacent lake and pond sediments to determine water and air temperatures at specific times during the last glaciation.A thorough evaluation of the timing of climatic changes around the Pacific Ocean margin will provide important insight into how the Earth's climate system functions. Climatic linkages are important to the modern climatic system,as shown by the global influence of El Nino and related processes. This project will therefore also help improve knowledge of how modern climate fluctuates. The project will enhance professional development of students and early career scientists, foster international collaboration, and strengthen educational offerings at three institutions. The project will provide ample opportunities for student research at both undergraduate and graduate levels.

该项目将调查过时的环境地区的过去气候。 具体而言，该项目将评估上一次冰川期间，在100,000至10，000年前，南半球和北半球气候过程之间的假设联系。 长期以来，科学家已经认识到，北半球的冷却和变暖会影响南半球气候，特别是在确定冰川间冰期循环的广泛模式时。 相反，南半球气候过程很少被引起对北半球气候的影响。 最初的证据表明，在新西兰，南美南美，美国西北部以及可能的其他地区的山地冰川波动的时机明显相关。 这些波动发生在南半球太阳能循环中的最小值期间，这表明南半球冷却是通过太平洋地区的两个半球传播的。 该项目将研究新西兰和西北部的冰川沉积物和化石昆虫，以检验该假设。 这两个地区的山地冰川过程将通过详细评估冰川沉积物序列来确定。 冰川波动的时机将通过沉积物中的沙粒的光学发光（OSL）定期确定，以及环境地质辐射的晶体损伤，以及有机沉积物的放射性碳日期。 由于冰川会随着温度和降水的变化而波动，因此该项目将利用在邻近的湖泊和池塘沉积物中保存的化石奇异剂（非咬米中的），以确定上一次冰川期间的特定时间的水和气温。对太平洋范围周围的探索时间变化的彻底评估将如何为地球上的重要洞察力构成地球系统的重要性。 如El Nino和相关过程的全球影响所示，气候联系对现代气候系统很重要。因此，该项目还将有助于提高现代气候如何波动的知识。 该项目将增强学生和早期职业科学家的专业发展，促进国际合作，并在三个机构加强教育产品。该项目将为本科和研究生级别的学生研究提供足够的机会。