Collaborative Research: LiT: ETBC: Plant-microbe feedback mechanisms affecting decomposition and nutrient availability and interactions with climate change

合作研究：LiT：ETBC：影响分解和养分可用性以及与气候变化相互作用的植物微生物反馈机制

• 批准号: 1020540
• 负责人: Matthew Wallenstein
• 金额: $ 66.62万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1020540&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; LiT; ETBC; Plant

Grassland ecosystems comprise over 30% of the Earth's terrestrial surface, and provide a resource base for extensive agricultural activities such as ranching. Grasslands are sensitive to climate change because they exist where hot, dry weather is common and rainfall is unpredictable, and because their plant communities may rapidly shift in response to rising climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Grassland soils contain large stores of long-lived carbon, which could either buffer climate change, or accelerate it if this carbon is released to the atmosphere. Soil microbial communities are the ultimate drivers of soil carbon uptake or loss. This project investigates how plant-microbe interactions regulate soil carbon cycling within an ongoing, state-of-the-art, manipulative climate change experiment in grasslands near Cheyenne, Wyoming, the Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment (PHACE) experiment. Thirty plots are exposed to combinations of climate conditions, including warming and CO2 conditions expected to occur before the end of the 21st century, and altered precipitation. An important component of the experiment is the comparison of carbon and nutrient cycling between native and disturbed grasslands with distinct plant communities, including invasive species. Laboratory and growth chamber experiments applying molecular and isotopic methods will test specific hypotheses generated from observations and measurements in the field. This project is expected to reduce uncertainties related to interactions between soil nutrients, biological communities and climate change, leading to improved predictions of future atmospheric CO2 concentrations and associated warming effects.This project will reach out to agricultural resource management agencies, ranchers and landowners who are concerned about impacts of climate change, disturbance and weed invasion on rangeland productivity, by conducting annual Field Days at the PHACE site and publishing articles in the popular press. Cross-site collaboration and data synthesis will be promoted by incorporating soil data into a comprehensive database. The project will provide strong interdisciplinary training to two graduate students, several undergraduates, and two postdoctoral scientists from under-represented groups. In-service middle school science teachers participating in the University of Wyoming Master's of Science in Natural Science degree program will be invited to the field site for hands-on lesson development, and minority high school students will be mentored. The new Summer Soil Institute at Colorado State University (http://soilinstitute.nrel.colostate.edu) will bring students to the PHACE field site for sampling and analyses.

草原生态系统占地球陆地表面的30％以上，并为诸如牧场等广泛的农业活动提供了资源基础。草原对气候变化很敏感，因为它们存在于炎热，干燥的天气很常见且降雨不可预测的地方，并且由于其植物群落可能会随着气候和大气二氧化碳浓度的增加而迅速转移。草原土壤中含有大量的长寿命碳，可以缓冲气候变化，或者如果将这种碳释放到大气中，则可以加速它。土壤微生物群落是土壤碳吸收或损失的最终驱动因素。该项目研究了植物 - 微生物相互作用如何调节正在进行的，最先进的，操纵性的气候变化实验中的土壤碳循环，在夏安附近的草原，怀俄明州，大草原加热和二氧化碳富集（phace）实验中。三十个地块暴露于气候条件的组合，包括预计将在21世纪末之前发生的变暖和二氧化碳条件，并改变了降水。实验的一个重要组成部分是比较与植物群落不同的天然和干扰草地之间的碳和养分循环，包括入侵物种。应用分子和同位素方法的实验室和生长室实验将测试从田间观测和测量结果产生的特定假设。预计该项目将减少与土壤养分，生物群落和气候变化之间相互作用相关的不确定性，从而改善对未来大气中的CO2浓度和相关变暖效果的预测。该项目将与农业资源管理机构，牧场和地主对农业变化和杂草对范围的影响进行派出的范围，这些项目对范围内的范围和杂草的范围进行了范围，这些项目逐渐在范围内进行了范围，这些项目逐渐宣布为狂热的范围和杂草的范围，这些范围是在范围内的生产力。跨站点协作和数据综合将通过将土壤数据纳入综合数据库来促进。该项目将为两名研究生，几名本科生和两名来自代表性不足的小组的博士后科学家提供强大的跨学科培训。将邀请参加怀俄明大学科学硕士学位课程课程计划的中学中学科学教师，邀请参加现场地点进行动手开发，并将指导少数民族的学生。科罗拉多州立大学的新夏季土壤研究所（http://soilinstitute.nrel.colostate.edu）将将学生带到帕斯野外地点进行抽样和分析。