Die Ordnung des Infektiösen. Transformation bakteriologischen Wissens durch die Literatur der Moderne 1880-1930

传染顺序。

• 批准号: 197720253
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Martina King
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: School of Modern Languages and Cultures
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197720253?language=en
• 关键词: Die; Ordnung; des; Infekti; sen.

The project opens up a new context of the literary system around 1900: invisible microbes that cause numerous major epidemics. When microbes were discovered in 1880, illness itself was defined in an entirely new way. This epoch-making change in medical knowledge is intimately connected to the modernization in the literary field. Researchers in laboratories search for those microscopic creatures that invade the human body and cause decomposing infections like tuberculosis, cholera, syphilis. Simultaneously, the literary system focuses on the subject, whose identity, authority and coherence are intensely questioned. Literary criticism of the subject ranges from mental dissolution to the disgusting body, which is destroyed by infectious diseases. Because of this, many writers show a deep interest in bacteriological issues and metaphors: From Wilhelm Bölsche, Henrik Ibsen, Karl Kraus and Fritz Mauthner to Thomas Mann and avant-garde poets of the Sturm-Kreis, Intellectuals of the transitional period around 1900 take part in the medical transition caused by germ theory. On this basis, the following questions will be discussed: 1. Which microbial metaphors and narratives serve literary texts in the naturalist and post-naturalist period in constructing fictional worlds or in representing problems of the subject? 2. In what ways does fictional literature transform bacteriological knowledge into collective symbols that signify paranoia about the irrational, the impure and the alien? 3. How is the expansion of bacteriological discourse into the field of politics reflected, reproduced or subverted through literary texts? The aim of the study is to contribute to a medical history of literature: the new context will open up additional levels of text interpretation. The study will show how deep the discourse of contagion and microbes interferes with the history of ideas around 1900.

该项目开辟了 1900 年左右文学体系的新语境：导致众多重大流行病的无形微生物。当微生物在 1880 年被发现时，疾病本身就被以全新的方式定义了，这与医学知识的划时代变化密切相关。实验室的研究人员寻找那些侵入人体并同时引起分解感染（如结核病、霍乱、梅毒）的微生物。文学体系以主体为中心，主体的身份、权威和连贯性受到强烈质疑。文学批评的范围从精神的消解到被疾病传染的令人厌恶的身体。正因为如此，许多作家对主体表现出浓厚的兴趣。细菌学问题和隐喻：从威廉·伯舍（Wilhelm Bölsche）、亨利克·易卜生（Henrik Ibsen）、卡尔·克劳斯（Karl Kraus）和弗里茨·毛特纳（Fritz Mauthner）到托马斯·曼（Thomas Mann）和突击县的先锋派诗人、 1900年前后的过渡时期参与了细菌理论引发的医学转型，在此基础上，将讨论以下问题： 1.哪些微生物隐喻和叙事服务于自然主义和后自然主义时期的文学文本构建虚构世界或在文学文本中服务。 2. 虚构文学如何将细菌学知识转化为集体符号，以表示对非理性、不纯粹和外星人的偏执？细菌学话语通过文学文本反映、复制或颠覆到政治领域？这项研究的目的是为医学史做出贡献：新的语境将开辟文本解释的额外层次。关于传染病和微生物的讨论干扰了 1900 年左右的思想史。