RUI: Biological production of oceanic alkyl nitrates

RUI：海洋硝酸烷基酯的生物生产

• 批准号: 0961511
• 负责人: Elizabeth Dahl
• 金额: $ 18.68万
• 依托单位: Loyola University Maryland, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0961511&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Biological; production; oceanic; alkyl

Alkyl nitrates from the oceans significantly affect tropospheric ozone concentration. However, not all sources of oceanic alkyl nitrates have been identified. A few studies have demonstrated a photochemical source of oceanic alkyl nitrates but to date, limited, if any other sources have been identified. For this reason, a scientist from Loyola College proposes to investigate the biological source of alkyl nitrates from marine diatoms. Specifically, the research goals of the project would be the following: (1) determine if cultures of phytoplankton produce alkyl nitrates under 'normal' growth conditions and the rates of production of alkyl nitrates in the cultures; (2) determine if there are specific factors such as light, nutrients, and temperature that influence alkyl nitrate formation; and (3) determine if adding triggers or inhibitors of nitric oxide production in phytoplankton cause changes in alkyl nitrate production. The proposed work will improve our overall understanding of the potential sources of oceanic alkyl nitrates and the factors that may control these sources, as well as lead to new considerations in biogeochemistry as to what role phytoplankton may play in the nitrogen cycle specifically with regard to reactive nitrogen.As regards broader impacts, it is anticipated that results from the research will be incorporated into Biochemistry and Instrumental Analysis classes taught by the researcher. Two undergraduate students will be supported and trained as part of this project. These students will learn about culturing techniques and how to operate a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer.

来自海洋的烷基硝酸盐显着影响对流层臭氧浓度。 然而，尚未确定所有海洋硝酸烷基酯的来源。 一些研究已经证明了海洋硝酸烷基酯的光化学来源，但迄今为止，即使已确定任何其他来源，其来源也是有限的。 为此，洛约拉学院的一位科学家提议研究海洋硅藻中硝酸烷基酯的生物来源。 具体而言，该项目的研究目标如下：（1）确定浮游植物培养物在“正常”生长条件下是否产生硝酸烷基酯以及培养物中硝酸烷基酯的生产率； (2)确定是否存在影响硝酸烷基酯形成的特定因素，例如光、营养物和温度； (3) 确定在浮游植物中添加一氧化氮生成的触发剂或抑制剂是否会导致硝酸烷基酯生成的变化。 拟议的工作将提高我们对海洋硝酸烷基酯的潜在来源以及可能控制这些来源的因素的整体了解，并引发生物地球化学中浮游植物在氮循环中可能发挥的作用（特别是在反应性方面）的新思考。至于更广泛的影响，预计研究结果将纳入研究人员教授的生物化学和仪器分析课程中。 作为该项目的一部分，两名本科生将得到支持和培训。 这些学生将学习培养技术以及如何操作气相色谱-质谱仪。