Doctoral Dissertation Research in Science of Science and Innovation Policy: Modeling Pharmaceutical Innovation Pipelines

科学与创新政策博士论文研究：医药创新管道建模

• 批准号: 0965013
• 负责人: Kenneth Flamm
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0965013&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Science; Innovation

In the late 1990s, the U.S. government doubled investment in basic biomedical research to spur pharmaceutical innovation. The policy strategy was based on the assumption that more basic research would lead to greater technological opportunities for innovation. However, the anticipated results from increased R&D spending have not been realized. U.S. pharmaceutical companies received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for fewer drug candidates in the early 2000s, after the increases in R&D spending, than in the early 1990s. Measures of returns to R&D spending in terms of the number of FDA approved drugs indicate stagnating productivity and likely declines in growth.The apparent declines in the productivity of the pharmaceutical industry may reflect changes in the nature of technological opportunities and the R&D process. Productivity metrics that do not account for the methods used by firms integrate scientific and technological advances into innovation activities may be inaccurate.Intellectual merit. This dissertation research construcs a new data set that can be utilized to map the production of scientific advances through publicly funded research, and subsequent use in downstream innovation activities at the project level. The research develops and applies multiple metrics of innovative productivity, including the completion status of innovation activities and the time to complete an innovation activity to develop stylized facts about the use of scientific advances generated from publicly funded research by firms.Broader impact. This research advances the understanding of the role of scientific advances in pharmaceutical innovation by shedding more light on the innovation activities in which firms use externally generated knowledge inputs to improve productivity. The project-level models of productivity that are developed in this research may be used by policy makers to evaluate the impact of the scientific advances generated through publicly funded research on private-sector innovation activities, and should be applicable in other science intensive-industries, such as nanotechnology, energy technologies, and information technology.This dissertation research analyzes opportunities to promote the diffusion of scientific advances generated through government funded research, and thereby stimulate innovation. Policy makers should be able to use the models and stylized facts generated by this research in order to identify ways in which research programs can be structured to more effectively stimulate commercial innovation. The results of this research are likely to be useful in designing intellectual property rights, organizing and funding public-private research consortia, and developing research priorities that align with industry needs.

在1990年代后期，美国政府对基础生物医学研究的投资增加了一倍，以刺激药物创新。 政策策略是基于这样的假设，即更多的基础研究将为创新提供更多的技术机会。但是，尚未实现增加研发支出的预期结果。与1990年代初期，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在2000年代初获得了美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）的批准。根据FDA批准的药物数量，对研发支出的回报措施表明生产力停滞不前，可能会下降。生产率指标不说明公司使用的方法将科学和技术进步整合到创新活动中可能是不准确的。这项论文研究构成了一个新的数据集，该数据集可用于通过公共资助的研究以及随后在项目一级的下游创新活动中绘制科学进步的生产。该研究开发并应用了创新生产力的多个指标，包括创新活动的完成状态以及完成创新活动的时间，以开发有关使用Simparts Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts office offication offication fach。这项研究通过更多地阐明了企业使用外部生成的知识投入来提高生产率的创新活动，从而促进了科学进步在药品创新中的作用的理解。在这项研究中开发的项目水平的生产力模型可以被政策制定者使用，以评估通过公共资助的私营部门创新活动的研究产生的科学进步的影响，并应适用于其他科学技术，例如纳米技术，能源技术和信息技术，以促进科学研究的机会，以促进科学研究的机会，并在其他科学领域中进行研究。 创新。政策制定者应该能够使用本研究产生的模型和风格化事实，以确定可以在其中构建研究计划以更有效地刺激商业创新的方式。这项研究的结果可能在设计知识产权，组织和资助公私研究协会以及发展与行业需求相吻合的研究重点方面很有用。