CAREER: Nanoscale Ballistic Spin Transport in Semiconductors

职业：半导体中的纳米级弹道自旋输运

• 批准号: 0954486
• 负责人: Hui Zhao
• 金额: $ 41.7万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0954486&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Nanoscale; Ballistic; Spin; Transport

****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****Along with charge, electrons have a quantum mechanical property known as ?spin.? A future technology that would be based on the spin of electrons has been named ?spintronics.? Spintronic devices are expected to be more powerful, less expensive, lighter, and consume less energy than the present electronic devices. To develop this spin-based technology, it is necessary to study movement of spin in semiconductors. This Faculty Early Career Award supports a project that will investigate nanometer-scale spin transport in semiconductors. So far, most studies have focused on spin transport at the micrometer or even larger length scales. To integrate spintronics with nanotechnology, it is crucial to understand and control nanometer-scale spin transport in semiconductors. Such transport will take place on very short timescales. This project will address this key issue using novel laser techniques that are capable of detecting events as fast as 70 femtoseconds and spin movements as small as one hundredth of nanometer. Gallium Arsenide and its nanostructures will be used to study several key aspects of the collision-free spin transport (known as ballistic spin transport). This project will advance our knowledge of spin dynamics in semiconductors, and provide comprehensive information for nanoscale spintronics. The education component of this project is well integrated with the research efforts. A new course on laser principles and techniques will be developed. The cutting edge research will involve graduate and undergraduate students, as well as high-school teachers. Outreach projects concerning what happens at very short time scales as well as projects concerning fundamental processes in materials will also be developed based on the research topics.****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This Faculty Early Career Award supports experimental investigations of nanoscale ballistic spin transport in semiconductor bulk, quantum wells and quantum wires. Spin transport is a fundamental process in spintronic devices. So far, most studies have focused on transport on large length scales where the transport is dominated by the drift-diffusion processes. Since the size of electronic devices on integrated circuits has been reduced to 60 nm, which is comparable to or even smaller than the mean free path of electrons, it is necessary to understand and control ballistic spin transport on the nanoscale. In this project, nanoscale spin transport in semiconductors will be studied by using ultrafast laser techniques with a temporal resolution of 70 femtoseconds and a capability of detecting movements as small as 10 picometers. Nanoscale ballistic spin transport will be directly observed and studied by tracking the position of spins in real space and real time. Several key aspects of ballistic spin transport will be studied. The proposed research will provide comprehensive information for nano-spintronics and reveal rich physics involved in ballistic spin transport. The education component of this project is well integrated with the research efforts. A new course on laser principles and techniques will be developed. The cutting edge research will involve graduate and undergraduate students, as well as high-school teachers. Outreach projects will also be developed based on the research topics.

****非技术摘要****除了电荷之外，电子还具有称为“自旋”的量子力学特性。 一种基于电子自旋的未来技术被称为“自旋电子学”。 自旋电子器件预计将比现有的电子器件更强大、更便宜、更轻并且消耗更少的能量。为了开发这种基于自旋的技术，有必要研究半导体中自旋的运动。 该学院早期职业奖支持一个研究半导体中纳米级自旋输运的项目。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在微米甚至更大长度尺度的自旋输运。为了将自旋电子学与纳米技术相结合，理解和控制半导体中的纳米级自旋输运至关重要。 这种运输将在很短的时间内进行。 该项目将利用新型激光技术解决这一关键问题，该技术能够检测快至 70 飞秒的事件和小至百分之一纳米的自旋运动。砷化镓及其纳米结构将用于研究无碰撞自旋输运（称为弹道自旋输运）的几个关键方面。该项目将增进我们对半导体自旋动力学的了解，并为纳米级自旋电子学提供全面的信息。该项目的教育部分与研究工作很好地结合在一起。将开发一门关于激光原理和技术的新课程。前沿研究将涉及研究生和本科生以及高中教师。 还将根据研究主题开发有关极短时间范围内发生的事情的外展项目以及有关材料基本过程的项目。****技术摘要****该教师早期职业奖支持纳米级弹道的实验研究半导体块体、量子阱和量子线中的自旋输运。自旋输运是自旋电子器件的基本过程。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在大尺度的输运上，其中输运以漂移扩散过程为主。由于集成电路上电子器件的尺寸已缩小到60纳米，与电子的平均自由程相当甚至更小，因此有必要了解和控制纳米尺度的弹道自旋输运。在该项目中，将使用时间分辨率为 70 飞秒且能够检测小至 10 皮米运动的超快激光技术来研究半导体中的纳米级自旋输运。通过跟踪真实空间和实时自旋的位置，将直接观察和研究纳米级弹道自旋输运。将研究弹道自旋输运的几个关键方面。拟议的研究将为纳米自旋电子学提供全面的信息，并揭示弹道自旋输运中涉及的丰富物理学。该项目的教育部分与研究工作很好地结合在一起。将开发一门关于激光原理和技术的新课程。前沿研究将涉及研究生和本科生以及高中教师。还将根据研究主题制定外展项目。