Collaborative Research: Modeling and synthesis study of a natural iron fertilization site in the Southern Drake Passage

合作研究：南德雷克海峡天然铁施肥场的建模和综合研究

• 批准号: 0948442
• 负责人: Matthew Charette
• 金额: $ 22.07万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Modeling; synthesis; study

The ocean plays a critical role in sequestering CO2 by exporting fixed carbon to the deep ocean through the biological pump. There is a pressing need to understand the systematics of carbon export in the Southern Ocean in the context of global warming because of the sensitivity of this region to climate change, already manifested as significant temperature increases. Numerous studies have indicated that Fe supply is a primary control on phytoplankton biomass and productivity in the Southern Ocean. The results from previous cruises in Feb-Mar 2004 and Jul-Aug 2006 have revealed the major natural Fe fertilization from Fe-rich shelf waters to the Fe-limited high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) Antarctic Circumpolar Current Surface Water (ASW) in the southern Drake Passage, producing a series of phytoplankton blooms. Remaining questions include: How is natural Fe transported to the euphotic zone through small-meso-large scale horizontal-vertical transport and mixing in different HNLC ACC areas? How does plankton community structure evolve in response to a natural Fe addition, how does Fe speciation respond to biogeochemical processes, and how is Fe recycled to determine the longevity of phytoplankton blooms? How does the export of POC evolve as a function of upwelling-mixing, Fe addition-recycling and bacteria-plankton structure? This synthesis proposal will address these fundamental questions using a unique dataset combining multiyear physical, Fe and biogeochemical data collected between 2004 and 2006 from 2 NSF-funded Fe fertilization experiment cruises and 3 Antarctic Marine Living Resource (AMLR) cruises in the southern Drake Passage and southwestern Scotia Sea through collaboration with scientists in the AMLR program and US Southern Ocean GLOBEC projects. All investigators involved in this study are engaged in graduate and undergraduate instruction, and mentoring of postdoctoral researchers. Each P.I. will incorporate key elements of the proposed syntheses in our lectures, problem sets and group projects. The project includes support to convene a 4-5 day international workshop on natural Fe fertilization at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The workshop will include scientists from United Kingdom, France and Germany who have conducted natural Fe fertilization experiments, and Korea and China who are planning to conduct natural Fe fertilization experiments. The participation of graduate students and postdoctoral scholars will be especially encouraged. The results will be published in a Deep-Sea Research II special issue.

海洋通过生物泵将固定碳输出到深海，在封存二氧化碳方面发挥着关键作用。 由于南大洋对气候变化的敏感性，已经表现为气温的显着升高，因此迫切需要了解全球变暖背景下南大洋碳输出的系统性。 大量研究表明，铁供应是南大洋浮游植物生物量和生产力的主要控制因素。 2004 年 2 月至 3 月和 2006 年 7 月至 8 月的先前航行结果揭示了从富含铁的陆架水域到铁有限的高营养低叶绿素（HNLC）南极绕极流地表水（ASW）的主要天然铁施肥。德雷克海峡南部，产生了一系列浮游植物的繁殖。剩下的问题包括：天然铁是如何通过小-中-大尺度水平-垂直输送和混合在不同的HNLC ACC区域输送到透光带的？ 浮游生物群落结构如何响应天然铁的添加而演变，铁的形态如何响应生物地球化学过程，以及铁如何回收以确定浮游植物水华的寿命？ POC 的输出如何随着上升流-混合、Fe 添加-再循环和细菌-浮游生物结构的变化而演变？ 该综合提案将使用一个独特的数据集来解决这些基本问题，该数据集结合了 2004 年至 2006 年期间从 2 次 NSF 资助的铁施肥实验航行和 3 次在德雷克海峡南部进行的南极海洋生物资源 (AMLR) 航行中收集的多年物理、铁和生物地球化学数据。通过与 AMLR 计划和美国南大洋 GLOBEC 项目的科学家合作，在斯科舍海西南部进行了研究。 参与这项研究的所有研究人员都从事研究生和本科生的指导以及博士后研究人员的指导。 每个 P.I.将在我们的讲座、问题集和小组项目中纳入拟议综合的关键要素。 该项目包括支持在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所召开为期 4-5 天的天然铁施肥国际研讨会。研讨会将包括来自英国、法国和德国进行过天然铁施肥实验的科学家，以及计划进行天然铁施肥实验的韩国和中国的科学家。特别鼓励研究生和博士后学者的参与。研究结果将发表在 Deep-Sea Research II 特刊上。