Language Processing in Bilinguals

双语者的语言处理

• 批准号: 0955090
• 负责人: Judith Kroll
• 金额: $ 24.97万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0955090&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Language; Processing; Bilinguals

Language scientists have discovered that bilinguals cannot easily "switch off" one of their languages. If bilinguals cannot easily function as monolinguals, then how do they control the use of the intended language? This research program investigates the conditions that enable bilinguals to select the intended language when words and grammatical structures in both languages are available. The work will explore how some sentence contexts restrict language processing to one language alone but others encourage code switching between the bilingual's two languages. The work uses the experience of bilinguals as a window into the nature of the interactions that characterize language processing and their consequences for cognitive control. This project has a number of broader implications. It seeks foundational knowledge about multilingualism that can inform educational issues in a society in which many learners are faced with the task of acquiring a second language after the earliest stages of childhood. The research will also contribute to the training of a diverse group of cognitive scientists by including bilingual undergraduate and graduate students and by fostering an international scientific collaboration with scientists in Spain.

语言科学家发现，双语者无法轻易“关闭”他们的一种语言。如果双语者无法轻易充当单语言，那么他们如何控制预期语言的使用？该研究计划调查了使双语者能够在两种语言中使用单词和语法结构时选择预期语言的条件。这项工作将探讨某些句子上下文如何仅将语言处理限制在一种语言中，而另一些则鼓励代码在双语的两种语言之间切换。这项工作利用双语者的经验作为介绍语言处理及其对认知控制的后果的互动本质的窗口。该项目具有更广泛的含义。它寻求有关多语言主义的基本知识，这些知识可以在一个社会中为教育问题提供信息，在这个社会中，许多学习者面临着在最早的童年阶段获得第二语言的任务。这项研究还将通过包括双语本科生和研究生以及与西班牙科学家建立国际科学合作，为多样化的认知科学家培训。