CAREER: Emergent Phenomena in New Quantum Materials

职业：新量子材料中的新兴现象

• 批准号: 0952428
• 负责人: Bogdan Bernevig
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0952428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Emergent; Phenomena; New; Quantum; CAREER; Emergent; Phenomena; New; Quantum

TECHNICAL SUMMARY This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education to investigate recently discovered materials and materials-related effects involving strongly correlated electrons and spin dynamics. The research has four main thrusts: 1) Iron-based oxypnictide superconductors. The PI's study will have particular emphasis on the mechanism responsible for their high-temperature superconductivity, the pairing symmetry, possible new collective modes in the superconducting state, development of new techniques beyond one-loop functional renormalization group to deal with strongly correlated systems, and experimentally testable predictions of different weak and strong-coupling theories. The PI will also focus some effort on issues in cuprate superconductors such as investigation of Gutzwiller-projected wavefunctions. 2) Non-abelian fractional quantum Hall states and non-abelian fractional statistics. The research will focus on understanding the imprint of topological order and pushing the boundaries of numerical computation for these truly strongly-interacting systems through new and insightful approximations. 3) Topological insulators and the quantum spin Hall effect. The research will have emphasis on the prediction of new materials exhibiting this effect, the physics of the gapless edge and surface states at low-temperature, experimentally falsifiable predictions about the bulk physics of these materials when doped and subjected to magnetic and electric fields, and novel transport laws that they might exhibit. The PI will also look into the possibility of using these materials in specific thermoelectric devices. 4) The effects of spin-charge dynamics in systems with strong spin-orbit coupling in both the diffusive and ballistic regimes, and the study of new spin-relaxation mechanisms, such as random spin-orbit coupling. The educational activities associated with this CAREER award include several initiatives geared toward making substantial contributions to undergraduate and graduate education through pedagogical course development coupled with research seminars, outreach activities in the form of lecture series and one-semester courses designed for non-science students and the general public, as well as fostering interactions between academia and industry. Some of these initiatives will leverage resources of the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science to uniquely maximize the impact of the planned educational activities.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education on new materials with interesting and exciting properties, and intriguing new effects. These include iron-based superconductors and topological insulators. Superconducting materials can conduct electricity without losses when they are cooled to sufficiently low temperature which is well below room temperature. The iron-based superconductors are interesting because they remain superconducting to higher temperatures than many other known materials. Understanding these materials may hold the key to achieving superconductivity at room temperature. The PI aims to understand how electrons in these materials organize themselves into high temperature superconducting states. The PI will also use theoretical methods to search for new materials that are topological insulators. Like ordinary insulators, for example rubber, topological insulators do not conduct electricity though the interior of the material. Unlike ordinary insulators, topological insulators are able to conduct electricity on their edges or boundaries through the formation of a new state of matter. Among the known topological insulators are compounds made of the elements bismuth and selenium, and bismuth and tellurium. This award supports fundamental research that advances our fundamental understanding of how electrons organize themselves into new states of matter which exist in or on the surface of materials. Their existence is in part a consequence of properties of the materials. While interesting in their own right, the study of these new states of matter may lead to foundations for new device technologies. Research successes leading to the discovery of new high temperature superconductor materials may lead to significant energy savings by enabling low loss energy transmission. The PI will interact closely with several experimental groups working on these problems to ensure that the research will benefit the overall progress of the fields indicated. The educational activities associated with this CAREER award include several initiatives geared toward making substantial contributions to undergraduate and graduate education through pedagogical course development coupled with research seminars, outreach activities in the form of lecture series and one-semester courses designed for non-science students and the general public, as well as fostering interactions between academia and industry. Some of these initiatives will leverage resources of the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science to uniquely maximize the impact of the planned educational activities.

技术摘要该职业奖支持理论研究和教育，以调查最近发现的材料和材料相关的效果，涉及强相关的电子和旋转动态。这项研究有四个主要推力：1）基于铁的oxypnictide超导体。 PI的研究将特别着重于导致其高温超导性的机制，超导状态下的配对对称性，可能的新集体模式，开发超出一环功能性重态化组以外的新技术，以处理强度相关的系统以及实验性测试的弱弱和强大的弱点和强度的弱点。 PI还将将一些精力集中在铜土超导体中的问题上，例如研究Gutzwiller-Projected波函数。 2）非亚洲分数量子厅状态和非亚伯分数统计。这项研究将着重于理解拓扑顺序的烙印，并通过新的和有见地的近似值来推动这些真正牢固相互交互的系统的数值计算界限。 3）拓扑绝缘子和量子自旋效果。这项研究将重点放在表现出这种作用的新材料的预测，低温下的无间隙边缘和表面状态的物理学，对这些材料的批量物理学进行实验性伪造的预测，当掺杂并遇到磁性和电场时这些材料的批量物理，以及可能展示的新型运输法律。 PI还将研究在特定热电设备中使用这些材料的可能性。 4）在扩散和弹道方案中具有强旋轨耦合的系统中自旋荷兰动力学的影响，以及对新的自旋 - 延缓机制的研究，例如随机的自旋轨道耦合。与该职业奖相关的教育活动包括一些旨在通过教学课程开发为本科和研究生教育做出重大贡献的举措，再加上研究研讨会，以讲座系列的形式进行外展活动以及为非科学的学生以及专为非科学的学生和公众设计的一个学期课程，以及促进学院与行业之间的互动。这些举措中的一些将利用普林斯顿理论科学中心的资源来独特地最大程度地提高计划中的教育活动的影响。Non-Cechnical摘要该职业奖支持具有有趣且令人兴奋的特性的新材料的理论研究和教育，并具有有趣的新作用。 这些包括基于铁的超导体和拓扑绝缘子。超导材料在冷却到足够低温的情况下，可以在不损失的情况下进行电力，远低于室温。基于铁的超导体很有趣，因为它们仍然比许多其他已知材料保持高温。了解这些材料可能是在室温下实现超导性的关键。 PI旨在了解这些材料中的电子如何将自己组织成高温超导状态。 PI还将使用理论方法来寻找拓扑绝缘子的新材料。像普通绝缘子一样，例如橡胶，拓扑绝缘子在材料的内部不会导致电力。与普通绝缘子不同，拓扑绝缘子能够通过形成新物质状态在边缘或边界上进行电力。在已知的拓扑绝缘子中，是由纤维状和硒元素制成的化合物，以及二晶和滴滴。该奖项支持我们对电子如何将自己组织到材料表面或材料表面上的物质状态的基本理解的基本研究。它们的存在部分是材料特性的结果。虽然本身就很有趣，但对这些新物质状态的研究可能会导致新设备技术的基础。导致新的高温超导体材料发现的研究成功可能通过低损失能量传输而导致大量节能。 PI将与几个研究这些问题的实验组紧密相互作用，以确保研究将使所指出的领域的整体进展有益。与该职业奖相关的教育活动包括一些旨在通过教学课程开发为本科和研究生教育做出重大贡献的举措，再加上研究研讨会，以讲座系列的形式进行外展活动以及为非科学的学生以及专为非科学的学生和公众设计的一个学期课程，以及促进学院与行业之间的互动。这些举措中的一些将利用普林斯顿理论科学中心的资源来唯一最大程度地提高计划中的教育活动的影响。