Collaborative research at the Lau ISS: integrating microbial diversity with geochemistry using heat and mass transport models

刘国际空间站的合作研究：利用热量和质量传输模型将微生物多样性与地球化学相结合

• 批准号: 0937392
• 负责人: Margaret Tivey
• 金额: $ 15.83万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0937392&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Lau; ISS; integrating

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Seafloor hHydrothermal vents that expel fluids with temperatures from ~2ºC to 400ºC, provide habitats for a diversity of microbes that subsist off geochemical fluxes from Earth's interior as opposed to making food from sunlight. Many vent micro-organisms feed off the energy from chemical disequilibria that results when reduced vent fluids interact and mix with oxic seawater on the seafloor. As a result hydrothermal vent chimneys form important and unusual habitats that sustain significant microbial diversity. This research combines microbial diversity data obtained in the field from vent deposits at the Ridge 2000, Lau Basin Integrated Study Site with computer calculations that represent the physical and geochemical environments from which the samples were taken. Both molecular finger printing data and a small subset of 454 (pyre) sequencing data (V6 region of the 16S reran gene) from hydrothermal chimney and flange deposits are combined with computer models of vent heat and mass transport to produce estimates of temperature gradients, pore fluid compositions, and local advection rates present in the chimneys and flanges. Measured exterior and interior vent chimney temperatures, mineral compositions and textures (including porosity) are used as constraints. The work helps improve our understanding of these unique and productive seafloor ecosystems. Broader impacts of the work include significant public outreach, student training, and support of two PIs whose gender is under-represented in the sciences.

该奖项根据 2009 年《美国复苏和再投资法案》（公法 111-5）提供资金。海底热液喷口排出温度为 ~2°C 至 400°C 的流体，为依靠地球内部地球化学通量生存的多种微生物提供栖息地与利用阳光制造食物相反，许多排气口微生物以化学不平衡所产生的能量为食，而化学不平衡是在减少时产生的。喷口流体与海底的含氧海水相互作用并混合，因此热液喷口烟囱形成了维持显着微生物多样性的重要栖息地。这项研究结合了从刘盆地综合研究中的喷口沉积物中获得的微生物多样性数据。具有代表样本采集的物理和地球化学环境的计算机计算的站点，包括分子指纹数据和一小部分 454 (pyre) 测序数据（V6 区域）。来自热液烟囱和法兰沉积物的 16S reran 基因）与通风口热量和质量传输的计算机模型相结合，以产生温度梯度、孔隙流体成分以及烟囱和法兰中存在的局部平流速率的估计值，并测量外部和内部通风口烟囱温度。 ，矿物成分和纹理（包括孔隙度）被用作约束条件，这项工作有助于提高我们对这些独特且富有成效的海底生态系统的理解，包括对公众的重大影响。外展、学生培训以及对两名性别在科学领域代表性不足的 PI 的支持。