Characterization and Removal of Galactic Dust Foreground from Measurements of the Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

宇宙微波背景辐射偏振测量中银河尘埃前景的表征和去除

• 批准号: 0944513
• 负责人: Shaul Hanany
• 金额: $ 42.43万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-15 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0944513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Characterization; Removal; Galactic; Dust; Foreground

The proposal seeks funding to begin a research effort on characterizing and extracting galactic dust emissions from the data that will be collected by the NASA-funded Antarctic Long Duration Balloon-borne (LDB) ?E and B Experiment? (EBEX). A leading cosmological paradigm for the beginning and evolution of the Universe posits a period of Inflation shortly after the Big Bang. Inflation generated primordial gravitational waves in the Universe that imprinted a distinct signature called the "B-mode signal" on the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. This signal is extremely weak, around 100 microKelvins or smaller, and astrophysical foregrounds such as polarized emission from galactic dust and synchrotron radiation swamp the Inflationary signal over most of the sky. The EBEX balloon payload will have the sensitivity to detect the B-mode signal if it is stronger than 1/10 of the current theoretical upper limit. The balloon observations will be carried out in frequency bands between 150 and 410 GHz. The higher end of this band is not accessible from the ground; thus, EBEX can provide valuable information on the properties of galactic dust emissions. This information is critical for all the CMB experiments searching for the Inflationary signal. EBEX is currently awaiting its flight from Antarctica in the austral summer of 2010/2011. The requested funds will be used to support a post-doctoral fellow and a graduate student to work on the characterization and extraction of galactic dust foregrounds from the EBEX data.

该提案寻求资金来开始一项研究工作，从美国宇航局资助的南极长时气球运载（LDB）“E和B实验”收集的数据中描述和提取银河尘埃排放。 （EBEX）。宇宙起源和演化的一个主要宇宙学范式假设大爆炸后不久会出现一段暴胀期。暴胀在宇宙中产生了原始引力波，在宇宙微波背景 (CMB) 辐射的偏振上留下了一种称为“B 模式信号”的独特特征。该信号非常微弱，大约为 100 微开尔文或更小，并且天体物理前景（例如银河尘埃的偏振发射和同步加速器辐射）淹没了大部分天空的暴胀信号。如果 B 模式信号强于当前理论上限的 1/10，则 EBEX 气球有效载荷将具有检测 B 模式信号的灵敏度。气球观测将在150至410 GHz之间的频段进行。该频带的较高端无法从地面到达；因此，EBEX 可以提供有关银河尘埃排放特性的有价值的信息。该信息对于所有寻找暴胀信号的 CMB 实验至关重要。 EBEX 目前正在等待 2010/2011 年夏季从南极洲起飞的航班。所申请的资金将用于支持一名博士后研究员和一名研究生从 EBEX 数据中表征和提取银河尘埃前景。