NSF Support for Continued Operation of COSMIC Research and Operational Applications, 2008-2012

NSF 对 COSMIC 研究和运行应用持续运行的支持，2008-2012 年

• 批准号: 0939962
• 负责人: Ying-Hwa Kuo
• 金额: $ 277.78万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0939962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Support; Continued; Operation; COSMIC

The six micro-satellite Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) was launched on April 14, 2006 from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. All satellites and payloads are functioning well, and the program began distributing all data to all interested parties three months after launch in late July 2006. The program was executed within budget and schedule and the high-quality data are already starting to significantly affect atmospheric and ionospheric science and operational weather forecasting. Following several months of testing, the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) commenced operational use of the COSMIC data on December 13, 2006. Several operational centers, including the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UK Met Office), Météo-France, and the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC) plan to begin operational assimilation of COSMIC data in early 2007. As of January 2007, there were 400 registered users of the data, representing major U.S. and international universities, leading operational weather centers, research laboratories, and several private companies. The status of the spacecraft and data processing center can be found at the COSMIC web site: http://www.cosmic.ucar.edu/ The COSMIC satellites are designed to operate through 2011. NSF and other participating U.S. agencies are providing support that is critical to ensure continued delivery of the data and data products. The main tasks to be performed with US funding are: (i) operation of the COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center (CDAAC) for data processing, quality control, and dissemination, (ii) continued development and improvement of processing algorithms, (iii) assumption of 50% of the cost for the operation of the COSMIC remote tracking stations (RTS) for near-real time data collection, (iv) continued improvement and maintenance of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) science payload firmware and software, and (v) operation of the COSMIC Project Office to support the national and international science community. Intellectual Merit: This project has extremely high intellectual merit in that it will make use of innovative GPS RO techniques to provide global, continuous, and all-weather observations of the atmosphere for research and operations. COSMIC delivers two major advancements in GPS RO science: (i) the design and implementation of an advanced "open-loop" tracking technique for space-based sensing of the atmospheric boundary layer and (ii) the design and operation of first constellation that produces real-time RO soundings with uniform global coverage to support atmospheric research and operational numerical weather prediction (NWP), climate monitoring and research, and space-weather forecasting. Broader Impacts: With the availability of ~2,500 soundings globally per day, COSMIC will have a broad and far-reaching impact for the operational and research atmospheric science communities. COSMIC will provide valuable data in traditional data sparse regions of the world, including polar and oceanic regions, for weather and climate studies. The fact that the COSMIC data are of high precision, high accuracy, and high vertical resolution, are not affected by clouds and precipitation, and require no inter-satellite cross-calibration, makes COSMIC ideally suited for climate research. COSMIC also provides much-needed ionospheric observations for analysis and forecasting of space weather, and other ionospheric research. The COSMIC data and the processing software will be made freely available to the broad university and user community. The project also has a significant educational component, as it will involve graduate and undergraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows through collaboration with universities.

2006年4月14日从加利福尼亚州范登伯格空军基地发射了六个微型卫星星座观测系统，用于气象，电离层和气候（宇宙）。所有卫星和有效载荷的运作良好，该计划在2006年7月下旬发射后三个月开始向所有有趣的各方分发所有数据。该计划在预算和计划范围内执行，高质量数据已经开始显着影响大气层和电离层科学和操作天气预测。经过几个月的测试后，欧洲中范围天气预测中心（ECMWF）于2006年12月13日开始运营宇宙数据。包括国家环境预测中心（NCEP），包括英国气象局（英国大都会办公室），Météo-france和Canad Meteerianciric sims Imsimistian casemcimitiant（CMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMC），在2007年初。截至2007年1月，有400名注册用户，代表美国和国际大型大学，领先的运营天气中心，研究实验室和几家私人公司。可以在宇宙网站上找到航天器和数据处理中心的状态：http：//www.cosmic.ucar.edu/ cosmic卫星旨在旨在直至2011年运营。NSF和其他参与的美国机构提供的支持可为继续交付数据和数据产品至关重要。 The main tasks to be performed with US funding are: (i) operation of the COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center (CDAAC) for data processing, quality control, and dissemination, (ii) continued development and improvement of processing algorithms, (iii) assumption of 50% of the cost for the operation of the COSMIC remote tracking stations (RTS) for near-real time data collection, (iv) continued improvement and maintenance of Global Positioning System （GPS）无线电事件（RO）科学有效载荷固件和软件，以及（v）宇宙项目办公室的运作，以支持国家和国际科学界。知识分子的优点：该项目具有极高的智力优点，因为它将利用创新的GPS RO技术来为研究和运营提供全球，连续和全天候观察。 COSMIC在GPS RO科学方面提供了两个主要进步：（i）高级“开环”跟踪技术的设计和实施，用于大气边界层的基于空间的灵敏度，以及（ii）第一星座的设计和操作，可产生实时RO响应，从而产生具有统一的全球全球覆盖范围，以支持大气研究和操作数值的范围（nwp worther（NWP），并进行了调查（NWP），并进行了调整（NWP），并进行了攀登。更广泛的影响：随着全球范围约2500张声音，宇宙将对运营和研究大气科学社区产生广泛而深远的影响。宇宙将在世界的传统数据稀疏地区（包括极地和海洋地区）提供有价值的数据，以进行天气和气候研究。宇宙数据具有高精度，高精度和高垂直分辨率的事实不受云和精度的影响，并且不需要卫星间的交叉校准，这使宇宙非常适合气候研究。宇宙还提供了急需的电离层观测值，以分析和预测太空天气以及其他电离层研究。宇宙数据和处理软件将免费提供给广泛的大学和用户社区。该项目还具有重要的教育成分，因为它将通过与大学合作，涉及研究生和本科生以及博士后研究员。