RAPID: Contrasting Ecological Gradients Before and After Dam Removal

RAPID：对比大坝拆除前后的生态梯度

• 批准号: 0935710
• 负责人: James Kitchell
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0935710&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Contrasting; Ecological; Gradients; Before

Thousands of small mill dams were constructed in the Great Lakes region during the 1800's. The ecological communities above and below these dams become quite different. Public safety concerns now require removal of many dams and open a migration corridor that can change ecological interactions. This project focuses on a recent dam and reservoir removal in Big Spring Creek near Briggsville, Wisconsin. The upstream community contains a typical cold water fish assemblage dominated by brook trout, sticklebacks, sculpins and creek chubs. The reach below the dam is dominated by a typical warm water assemblage--largemouth bass, bluegill, yellow perch and white suckers. Monitoring seasonal changes in water temperature, fish community structure and food web structure will test the alternative outcomes posed in two questions:1. Will the colder water displace the warm water fishes and allow the cold water assemblage to expand downstream?2. Will the dam removal allow upstream invasion by large predators (bass) and competitors (suckers) that can reduce and displace the coldwater fish community?More that 400 small dams are scheduled for removal in Wisconsin during the current decade. Public interest in outcomes is always high. Results of this study will offer guidance and expectation of the ecological changes that result from similar dam removals. This project will provide support to a graduate student plus four undergraduate hourly employees. It will also serve as a demonstration site for the Ecology of Fishes class (48 students) at UW-Madison.

1800 年代，五大湖地区修建了数以千计的小型磨坊水坝。大坝上方和下方的生态群落变得截然不同。现在，出于公共安全考虑，需要拆除许多水坝并开辟一条可以改变生态相互作用的迁徙走廊。 该项目重点关注威斯康星州布里格斯维尔附近大斯普林溪最近的水坝和水库拆除工程。 上游群落包含典型的冷水鱼类群落，以溪鳟、棘鱼、杜父父父鱼和溪鲢鱼为主。 大坝下方的河段主要是典型的温水生物群落——大口黑鲈、翻车鱼、黄鲈和白鲈。 监测水温、鱼类群落结构和食物网结构的季节性变化将测试两个问题中提出的替代结果：1。 较冷的水会取代暖水鱼并导致冷水鱼群向下游扩展吗？2． 拆除大坝是否会导致大型捕食者（鲈鱼）和竞争者（吸盘鱼）入侵上游，从而减少和取代冷水鱼群落？威斯康星州计划在当前十年内拆除超过 400 座小型水坝。 公众对结果的兴趣始终很高。 这项研究的结果将为类似的水坝拆除所导致的生态变化提供指导和预期。 该项目将为一名研究生和四名本科生小时工提供支持。 它还将作为威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校鱼类生态学课程（48 名学生）的示范场地。