Engineering Selective Fuel Cell and Water Treatment Membranes

工程选择性燃料电池和水处理膜

• 批准号: 0932740
• 负责人: Qing Wang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0932740&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Selective; Fuel; Cell; Water

0932740WangProject SummaryMembranes with controllable separation properties play a vital role in advanced energy and environmental applications. Underlying mechanisms and structure-property relationships that promote permselectivity have been explored in great detail for polymer membranes that separate gas molecules, but for polymers that contain attached ionic groups and absorb water, such as fuel cell membranes, the underlying molecular concepts of why selectivity exists in these systems and how selectivity can be enhanced through rational molecular design are not clear. The fundamental difference between gas separation membranes and water-absorbing membranes is that the transport processes in gas separation membranes are dominated by the polymer dynamics where the water-absorbing membrane transport properties are dominated by the motion of water within the relatively stationary polymer matrix. Therefore, this project will focus on the critical role of water-polymer interactions and water binding and diffusion within the chemical and physical framework of the polymer. Intellectual Merit: The central theme of the proposed research is to study a system of end-linked polymers that contain sulfonate groups and to determine the critical molecular parameters for designing fuel cell and nanofiltration membranes with tunable selectivity for water, ions, and small molecules. The tailored materials with well-controlled structural variation will advance our fundamental understanding of the different routes to increasing selectivity in sulfonated polymers. The characterization tasks will be intimately integrated with the synthetic efforts to probe how the molecular characteristics of the membrane influence binding and diffusion of water, and in turn how the water properties influence the transport of ions and small molecules. An in-depth study of membrane and transport properties on the molecular, multi-nanometer, and membrane length scales will be performed using a combination of spectroscopy, morphological analysis, and transport measurements, with special attention paid to the chemical and physical framework and the water binding within the membrane. By combining both fundamental insights and performance-specific transport measurements, a complete picture of molecular structure-transport properties can be formed for these important materials.Broader Impacts: The success of this project will open a completely new direction in the development of ion-containing membranes and has profound implications for rational design of nanostructured membranes with new architectures and superior selectivity and transport properties. Future scientists capable of working in the interdisciplinary field of polymer membranes and fuel cells will be trained and educated within this program. Undergraduates and minorities will be integrally involved in the research program. The "Materials + Creativity + Community = Energy" modules including lecture materials, handouts, slides, and hand-on experimental demonstrations will be created and deployed in campus open houses, during student group activities on and off campus (seminars, student club gatherings, high school visits), and during two new summer residential camps including Penn State Science Workshop for grades 9-12 teachers and ASM Materials Camp for high school students.

0932740 WangProject摘要具有可控分离属性的摘要在晚期能量和环境应用中起着至关重要的作用。对于分离气体分子分离的聚合物膜的基本机制和促进允许选择性的基本机制和结构性关系，但是对于包含连接的离子基团并吸收水（例如燃料电池膜）的聚合物，燃料电池膜，基础分子概念在这些系统中的选择性存在于这些系统和选择性中，才能通过透明地促进良好的设计。气体分离膜和吸水膜之间的基本差异在于气体分离膜中的传输过程以聚合物动力学为主，在这些动力学中，吸水膜的传输性能由相对固定的聚合物矩阵中的水运动主导。因此，该项目将集中于水聚合物相互作用以及聚合物化学和物理框架内的水结合和扩散的关键作用。智力优点：拟议研究的中心主题是研究包含磺酸盐基团的端连接聚合物系统，并确定用于设计燃料电池和纳米过滤膜的关键分子参数，具有可调性的水，离子和小分子的可调性。具有良好控制结构变化的量身定制材料将提高我们对磺化聚合物选择性提高的不同途径的基本理解。表征任务将与探测膜的分子特征如何影响水的结合和扩散的合成努力密切整合，进而将水性质影响离子和小分子的运输。将对分子，多纳米和膜长度尺度上的膜和转运性能进行深入研究，并使用光谱，形态分析和运输测量的组合进行，并特别注意化学和物理框架以及膜内的水结合。通过将基本见解和特定性能的运输测量结合在一起，可以为这些重要材料形成分子结构 - 传播特性的完整图片。BRODER的影响：该项目的成功将在离子含有离子的膜开发的全新方向上，并且对具有新建筑的合理设计具有新的建筑构造和运输性且具有新的建筑和运输性和运输性和运输性和运输性且具有深远的影响。能够在聚合物膜和燃料电池的跨学科领域工作的未来科学家将在该计划中接受培训和教育。本科生和少数群体将在研究计划中始终参与。 “材料 +创造力 +社区=能源”模块，包括演讲材料，讲义，滑梯和手工实验演示，并在校园开放式房屋中，在校园内外的学生团体活动（学生俱乐部，学生俱乐部聚会，高中访问）中的学生团体活动中，以及在两个新的夏季居民营地，包括宾夕法尼亚州立大学科学训练营的两个新夏季居住训练营，以供9-1-12岁的材料录制9-12材料。