Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: An Experimental Study of Bribery, Nepotism, and Patronage

政治学博士论文研究：贿赂、裙带关系和庇护的实验研究

• 批准号: 0921884
• 负责人: Catherine Eckel
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Dallas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0921884&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Corruption is one of most cited factors inhibiting economic development. It impedes political and economic growth, reduces the welfare of societies, increases income inequality, and reduces trust in political institutions. Even in the presence of anticorruption policies, the shadow of corruption looms large. The key challenge in anticorruption policy is to create sustainable change. In addition to the change in policy itself, citizens must be convinced of the effectiveness of the policy intervention. This implies altering citizens? beliefs about the level of corruption within governments and bureaucracies. Previous work has suggested that the success of anticorruption policy is highly dependent on underlying culture; the same policies can succeed in one cultural environment but fail in another. If anticorruption policy measures fail, corruption may then be viewed as a problem that cannot be addressed. This makes the trial and error method of anticorruption policy very risky for countries, and highlights an important problem in fighting corruption: policies need to have a high probability of effectiveness before countries will risk implementation, yet there is no venue where they can be tested.In this proposal, the researchers use laboratory experiments to 'testbed' alternative anticorruption policies. They ask how policy interventions change individual behavior in societies where high levels of corruption are prevalent, as compared with societies where corruption is relatively rare. The proposed experiments investigate three different types of corruption (bribery, nepotism, and patronage) and three different policy interventions (sanctions, enhanced civic awareness, and improved transparency), with subjects in two different cultures (the US, where corruption is very low, and Pakistan, where it is widespread). The proposed experiments allow us to investigate the impact of anticorruption policies in each culture without the risks associated with implementation on a societal scale. The goal of the research is to demonstrate how (and when) these policies are likely to be effective in an inexpensive and low-consequence environment. The results will provide guidance for development agencies in formulating policies targeted towards a particular local population.

该奖项是根据2009年的《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。腐败是抑制经济发展的最被引用的因素之一。它阻碍了政治和经济增长，减少了社会的福利，增加了收入不平等，并减少了对政治机构的信任。即使在存在反腐败政策的情况下，腐败的阴影也可能很大。反腐败政策的主要挑战是创造可持续变化。 除了政策本身的变化外，公民还必须相信政策干预的有效性。这意味着改变公民？关于政府和官僚机构腐败程度的信念。先前的工作表明，反腐败政策的成功高度取决于潜在的文化。相同的政策可以在一个文化环境中取得成功，但在另一个文化环境中失败。如果反腐败政策措施失败，则可以将腐败视为无法解决的问题。这使得对国家的反复试验方法对国家的风险非常有风险，并强调了与腐败作斗争的重要问题：政策需要具有很高的有效性，才能在国家冒险实施风险之前，但没有可以对其进行测试的场所。他们询问与腐败相对罕见的社会相比，政策干预如何改变高水平腐败的社会行为。拟议的实验研究了三种不同类型的腐败（贿赂，裙带关系和光顾），以及三种不同的政策干预措施（制裁，增强的公民意识和提高的透明度），在两种不同的文化中（美国，腐败非常低，非常低，和巴基斯坦）的受试者，那里是广泛的）。提出的实验使我们能够研究每种文化中反腐败政策的影响，而没有与社会规模实施相关的风险。该研究的目的是证明这些政策在廉价且低点的环境中如何有效。 结果将为开发机构提供针对特定当地人口的政策的指导。