Collaborative Research: How structural heterogeneity and connectivity of landscapes affect wind dispersal

合作研究：景观的结构异质性和连通性如何影响风的扩散

• 批准号: 0918869
• 负责人: Gil Bohrer
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0918869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; How; structural; heterogeneity

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Current and future global changes such as habitat fragmentation and climate change may require species to depend on rare long distance dispersal events for their persistence. Many seeds, spores, larvae, pollen, and fungi depend on wind dynamics for their movement. Landscape connectivity and changes in habitat structure strongly influence the flow of air, particularly the amount of turbulence and uplifting, two critical factors known to drive long distance dispersal. Past mechanistic models have ignored the effects of landscape heterogeneity (e.g., canopy structure, forest gaps, corridors, and habitat fragments). A critical new frontier is to incorporate the influence of structural heterogeneity on wind-driven dispersal. We use a modeling approach to predict wind-driven seed dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes and evaluate this model in a replicated large-scale habitat fragmentation experiment at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. We will extend these predictions to multiple species, landscape configurations, and spatial scales that are relevant to conservation and management decisions. This project will support an interdisciplinary and international collaboration among engineering, meteorology, and ecology experts and will assist in training a postdoctoral researcher, a graduate student, and several undergraduate students and technicians. In addition, this proposal will support the development of graduate courses that integrate material on fluid dynamics and ecology and evolution. Results will be communicated with land managers including the U.S. Forest Service to aid in conservation efforts. Data will be archived with the Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis to be made available to other researchers.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。当前和未来的全球变化，例如栖息地破碎和气候变化可能要求物种依赖罕见的长距离分散事件来持久。许多种子，孢子，幼虫，花粉和真菌都取决于风力动态的运动。 景观连通性和栖息地结构的变化强烈影响空气的流动，尤其是湍流和升起的数量，这两个关键因素已知可驱动长距离分散。 过去的机械模型忽略了景观异质性的影响（例如，树冠结构，森林间隙，走廊和栖息地碎片）。 一个关键的新领域是结合结构异质性对风频传播的影响。 我们使用建模方法来预测异质景观中的风向种子扩散，并在南卡罗来纳州萨凡纳河地点的复制大规模栖息地碎片实验中评估该模型。我们将将这些预测扩展到与保护和管理决策相关的多种物种，景观配置和空间量表。 该项目将支持工程，气象和生态专家之间的跨学科和国际合作，并将协助培训博士后研究员，研究生以及几位本科生和技术人员。 此外，该提案将支持将材料整合在流体动力学，生态学和进化的研究生课程的发展。结果将与包括美国森林服务局在内的土地管理人员进行交流，以帮助保护工作。数据将与国家生态分析中心的生物复杂性知识网络一起存档，并将其合成中心提供给其他研究人员。