DAT: Scientists and Engineers as Agents of Technological Progress: Measuring the Returns to R&D and the Economic Impact of Science & Engineering Workers

DAT：科学家和工程师作为技术进步的推动者：衡量 R 的回报

• 批准号: 0915670
• 负责人: Richard Freeman
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0915670&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DAT; Scientists; Engineers; Agents; Technological

The project develops datasets and methods to estimate the economic return to R&D spending and the impact of both R&D and non-R&D science and engineering (S&E) workers on economic outcomes, and to assess the effects of the mobility of S&E workers on economic productivity. Existing data from multiple government (Census, NSF, BLS) and other archival sources are matched and linked together to create an "Amalgamated Science and Engineering Impact" (ASEI) database. The database includes measures of output and inputs of firms and plants, R&D expenditures of firms and universities, patents of firms and other organizations, S&E employment by industry and geography, and the mobility of workers across firms and plants.The research connects diverse measures of S&E activity to outcomes in the economy overall and in different sectors. The project produces:1. Updated estimates of private returns to R&D, not only in the widely studied manufacturing sector, but also in other sectors of the economy, and for small firms as well as large firms; 2. New estimates of the social returns to R&D, using measures of "spillover" R&D stock based on geographic region, industry sector, and technology proximity;3. Estimates of the effect of own R&D and spillover R&D on patent output and market value of firms, and of the effect of patents on productivity of firms;4. Estimates of the impact of non-R&D S&E employment on firms? productivity, patents, and other outcomes;5. Estimates of the mobility of S&E workers across firms and plants, and of the effect of S&E worker mobility on economic outcomes;6. Estimates of the impact of R&D on the changing demand for labor with different skill levels. Broader ImpactsThe outcomes from this research inform policymakers about the contribution of science and engineering to the U.S. economy, consistent with the goals of the NSF SciSIP program. The research provides evidence on the changing returns to R&D in the U.S., on the mobility and impact of S&E workers in the U.S. economy, and on the future demand for labor with different types of skills. The new ASEI database and analytical methods enable rapid updating of estimated results on a regular basis. This can provide policymakers with timely data and analysis on policy issues of interest.

该项目开发了数据集和方法，以估算研发支出的经济回报，以及研发和非R＆D科学与工程（S＆E）工人对经济成果的影响，并评估S＆E工人对经济生产力的流动性的影响。来自多个政府（人口普查，NSF，BLS）和其他档案资源的现有数据匹配并链接在一起，以创建“合并的科学和工程影响”（ASEI）数据库。该数据库包括公司和工厂的产出和投入度量，企业和大学的研发支出，公司和其他组织的专利，行业和地理的S＆E雇用以及跨公司和工厂的工人的流动性。该研究将各种各样的措施与不同领域的经济态度相关联。该项目生产：1。更新了对研发的私人回报的估计，不仅在经过广泛研究的制造业，而且在经济的其他领域以及小公司以及大型公司中； 2。使用基于地理区域，行业和技术接近的“溢出”研发库存的衡量标准，对社会回报的新估计值； 3。估计自己的研发和溢出研发对公司的专利产出和市场价值的影响以及专利对公司生产率的影响； 4。估计非R＆D S＆E就业对公司的影响？生产力，专利和其他结果； 5。估计跨公司和工厂的高科技工人的流动性，以及S＆E工人流动性对经济成果的影响； 6。估计研发对不同技能水平不断变化的劳动需求的影响。这项研究的结果更广泛地影响了决策者科学和工程对美国经济的贡献，这与NSF SCISIP计划的目标一致。这项研究提供了有关美国研发回报率不断变化的证据，表明了S＆E工人在美国经济中的流动性和影响，以及未来对具有不同技能的劳动力的需求。新的ASEI数据库和分析方法可以定期快速更新估计的结果。这可以为政策制定者提供及时的数据和有关感兴趣的政策问题的分析。