NSF Minority Postdoctoral Research Fellowship for FY 2009

2009 财年 NSF 少数族裔博士后研究奖学金

• 批准号: 0905295
• 负责人: Angelia Seyfferth
• 金额: $ 18.9万
• 依托单位: Seyfferth Angelia L
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0905295&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Minority; Postdoctoral; Research; Fellowship

This action funds an NSF Minority Postdoctoral Research Fellowship for FY 2009 and is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The title of the research and training plan for this fellowship to Angelia Seyfferth is "Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Arsenic Uptake and Transformation in Field-Grown Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." The research and training supported by this fellowship is being conducted at Stanford University under the sponsorships of Drs. Scott Fendorf, Devaki Bhaya, and Peter Vitousek.It is feared that arsenic (As) contamination of groundwaters in southern and southeastern Asia is causing the largest exposure in human history where more than 140 million people are drinking water with hazardous levels of arsenic. Exposure to arsenic through consumption of rice irrigated with this contaminated groundwater may be of equal or greater importance than exposure through drinking water, particularly for populations that rely on rice for sustenance. Plants do not deal with the various chemical forms of arsenic in the same way. Therefore, it is important to understand the different mechanisms of entry into rice roots and subsequent translocation toward the edible grain. Which chemical form is predominant in the rhizosphere of field-grown rice and within different plant fractions is presently unresolved. The overall goal of this research project is to elucidate the predominant mechanism of arsenic uptake, accumulation, and in planta transformation within field-grown rice utilizing both X-ray absorption spectroscopy and mass-balance with radiolableled arsenic. The specific training objectives are to gain field experience at the interface of biology, chemistry, geology, and environmental science and to learn new analytical tools and techniques to achieve the stated scientific goals. The broader impacts include outreach to local Cambodian rice farmers and mentoring graduate and undergraduate students.

该行动资助 2009 财年 NSF 少数族裔博士后研究奖学金，并根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）提供资助。该奖学金支持研究员在主办实验室的研究和培训计划，该研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与的计划。 Angelia Seyfferth 的研究和培训计划的标题是“田间种植的水稻（Oryza sativa L.）砷吸收和转化的生理机制”。该奖学金支持的研究和培训是在斯坦福大学博士的赞助下进行的。 Scott Fendorf、Devaki Bhaya 和 Peter Vitousek。人们担心，南亚和东南亚地下水砷 (As) 污染正在造成人类历史上最大规模的砷污染，超过 1.4 亿人正在饮用砷含量达到危险水平的水。 通过食用用这种受污染的地下水灌溉的大米而接触砷可能与通过饮用水接触砷具有同等或更重要的意义，特别是对于依赖大米维持生计的人群而言。 植物处理砷的各种化学形式的方式不同。 因此，了解进入水稻根部以及随后向食用谷物转移的不同机制非常重要。 哪种化学形式在田间种植的水稻根际和不同植物部分中占主导地位目前尚未解决。 该研究项目的总体目标是利用 X 射线吸收光谱和放射性标记砷的质量平衡，阐明田间种植的水稻中砷吸收、积累和植物转化的主要机制。 具体的培训目标是获得生物学、化学、地质学和环境科学交叉领域的现场经验，并学习新的分析工具和技术以实现既定的科学目标。 更广泛的影响包括接触柬埔寨当地稻农以及指导研究生和本科生。